SNCF X 5600
| SNCF X 5600 | |
|---|---|
 Railcar X 5606 from the first series delivery
|
|
| Numbering: | X 5008, 5009, 8013 X 5601 to X 5660 |
| Number: | 63 |
| Manufacturer: | Billiards , CGC, SNAV |
| Year of construction (s): | 1947-1953 |
| Retirement: | 1967 |
| Axis formula : | A1 |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Length: | 12.24 m |
| Empty mass: | 9 t |
| Service mass: | 10.6 t |
| Top speed: | 60/70 km / h |
| Traction power: | 65 kW |
| Wheel diameter: | 860 mm |
| Motor type: | diesel |
| Motor type: | Panhard 4th HL |
| Power transmission: | mechanically |
| Brake: | Compressed air |
| Seats: | 37 |
| Standing room: | 25th |
The X 5600 , also known as FNC or mockingly "Pou du rail" (rail flea), was a two-axle, diesel-powered internal combustion engine of the French state railway SNCF . Due to its one-sided, elevated driver's position in two respects, the X 3800 is one of the most distinctive French railcars. The nickname FNC results from the fact that engineers from the railway workers' union Fédération Nationale des Cheminots were significantly involved in its development .
History and description
As part of a program of the Resistance organization Organization civile et militaire (OCM) on the re-commissioning of railway - branch lines after the expected end of the German occupation of France in World War II summed up the Comité français de libération national (CFLN) in late 1943 in Algiers building of minimalist light diesel railcars. The planning was completed by engineers organized in the FNC. An easy-to-use and easy-to-maintain vehicle was designed for the "less important" routes on the French network. It had a luggage compartment and a toilet and could pull a sidecar
In 1947 Billard delivered the two prototypes X 8011 and 8012 (later renumbered X 5008 and 5009) to the SNCF and another car (X 8013) to the Indre-et-Loire department . These vehicles, which proved their worth, were followed in 1948 by the first series delivery of 30 railcars (X 5601 to 5630), built by the Compagnie Générale de Construction (CGC). A further 30 vehicles (X 5631 to 5660) were built from 1952 by the Société Nouvelle des Ateliers de Vénissieux (SNAV); they had beaded side surfaces below the ribbon window.
As a lightweight vehicle, the X 5600 was supposed to compete with the omnibus at low cost in terms of maintenance . The first tests were carried out between Château-du-Loir and Chartres , with the railcar pulling a 5.6 t motorized trolley as ballast. On a ramp of 15 ‰, the team, weighing a total of 25 t, reached a speed of 34 km / h within two minutes. On a 10 ‰ gradient, the vehicle came to a standstill from a speed of 60 km / h within 25 seconds, with a braking distance of 250 m.
Test drives with passengers were carried out on the route from Chartres to Courtalain -Saint-Pellerin train station . With a sidecar, the railcar covered the 55 km route in 86 minutes with eight one-minute stops. The consumption of diesel fuel was around 18 l per 100 km. Ultimately, consumption in the route service of 16 l / 100 km without and 19 l / 100 km with a sidecar was determined, which is up to half that of “classic” railcars. It was also calculated that the 2.5 million franc vehicle would pay for itself within five years .
The increased operator's platform enabled the driver to move the railcar in both directions from there, as with the Renault X 5500 type . This construction method was used shortly afterwards for the four-axle X 3800 "Picasso" and X 5800 , but did not catch on in the long term. Even two-axle Autorails légers were no longer procured in France, apart from the A2E , which was built in 1990 for the CFTA in three copies .
The railcars were painted red below the ribbon of windows and painted cream above. From 1948 to 1952 Billard supplied matching XR 9200 sidecars, the dimensions of which corresponded to the railcars. They were also coupled with other series and were in use until 1971. In addition, the X 5600 were capable of multiple traction . Up to three vehicles could run in the formation, whereby the X 5500 and X 5800 could also be included.
commitment
The main areas of use were central and southern France, in particular branch lines around Bourges , Annemasse and Montpellier as well as from Orléans to Malesherbes and from Montauban to Nexos. On the Annemasse – Genève-Eaux-Vives route , the railcars also crossed the border into Switzerland .
Whereabouts
In 1964 and 1965 approx. 50 X 5600 were parked, and in 1967 the last of these railcars retired from regular service. Three of them were used as draisines , especially for tunnel observation, until the mid-1980s .
The third prototype X 8013 (under monument protection) and the sidecar XR 9207 have been preserved at the Train à vapeur thouarsais museum railway in Thouars .
Saarland
As FNC / C, the Merzig-Büschfelder Eisenbahn in Saarland acquired three such railcars in an extended version and three matching sidecars in 1951. In 1956 a fourth railcar was added. The three older railcars were scrapped in 1965, the fourth was parked. The sidecars came to SWEG in 1963 .
Web links
- Autorail X5600 FNC SNCF at train35.fr
Individual evidence
- ↑ L'autorail X-5600 FNC at editionsatlas.fr, accessed on November 16, 2016
- ↑ a b Autorails des années 1950. Les différents types unifiés in: Ferrovissime No. 16, p. 2 ff.
- ↑ Alexandre Kusnetzoff (Ed.): La France des lignes oubliées . La vie du rail, Paris 2013, ISBN 978-2-918758-66-2 , pp. 106 .
- ↑ X 5600 "FNC" SNCF at trains-europe.fr, accessed on November 16, 2016
- ^ A b c Clive Lamming: Trains de Légende: Les Réseaux français et la Naissance de la SNCF (1938–1950) . 2006, ISBN 2-8302-2147-8 , pp. 82 f .
- ↑ a b Autorail FNC X5600 SNCF at amf87.fr, accessed on April 17, 2018
- ↑ Quelques anciens matériels venus chez ou à TVT (with photo) at train-vapeur-thouarsais.fr, accessed on November 16, 2016
- ↑ The Merzig-Büschfelder Eisenbahn (MBE) (with photo) at saar-nostalgie.de, accessed on November 16, 2016