COSMO-Skymed

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COSMO-Skymed ( C onstellation o f small S atellites for M editerranean basin O bservation) is an Italian satellite program . The first generation consists of four satellites, offset by 90 °, orbit the earth at an altitude of around 620 kilometers on a sun-synchronous orbit. The radar data are to be used both for civilian earth observation and for military reconnaissance of the Mediterranean region. The second generation will consist of two satellites.

payload

The satellites carry an imaging X-band - Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), which also evaluates the polarization of the backscatter ( multipolarimetry ). The antenna can be swiveled electronically. When flying over, it can capture a swath width of 10 to 500 kilometers from a strip approx. 1500 kilometers wide, depending on the SAR mode . In spot mode , it maps an area of ​​ten by ten kilometers for civil use with a resolution of one meter. Using radar interferometry , two satellites flying close together measure the soil profile of the earth with an accuracy of up to eight meters. The satellites are equipped with GPS receivers. Even without control points , the images can be localized to within 15 meters of the earth.

With a satellite, the time it takes to fly over a selected region is almost three days. With four satellites it is reduced to twelve hours. Data is transmitted to the ground station at a rate of 310 Mbps. More than 200 images can be provided for civil inquiries per day.

Satellites

The first 1900 kg heavy COSMO-Skymed satellite COSMO 1 with the NORAD -Kennung 31598 brought a delta 7420-10C rocket from the Vandenberg Air Force Base made on 8 June 2007 into space. The second satellite COSMO 2 was launched on December 9th with a Delta-7420-10C from Vandenberg and the third satellite COSMO 3 on October 25th, 2008. COSMO 4 , the fourth and last COSMO-SkyMed satellite, was launched on November 6th Brought into sun-synchronous orbit in 2010 from Vandenberg Air Force Base Space Launch Complex 2 West with a Delta 7420-10 rocket.

The first launch for the satellites took place at the end of 2019.

satellite Date, time (UTC) COSPAR name Launcher Starting area comment
COSMO 1 June 8, 2007, 02:34 2007-023A Delta-7420-10C VAFB SLC-2W success
COSMO 2 December 9, 2007, 2:31 am 2007-059A Delta-7420-10C VAFB SLC-2W success
COSMO 3 October 25, 2008, 2:28 am 2008-054A Delta-7420-10C VAFB SLC-2W success
COSMO 4 November 6, 2010, 2:20 am 2010-060A Delta-7420-10C VAFB SLC-2W success
CSG 1 December 18, 2019, 8:54 am 2019-092A Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat ELS , CSG success
CSG 2 2020 Vega ELV , CSG Planned

distribution

The Italian company e-Geos Earth Observation Satellite Services Company , a subsidiary of Telespazio (80%) and ASI , markets the radar images. It is also an intermediary for recordings of the GeoEye-1 , IKONOS , QuickBird , WorldView-1 and WorldView-2 optical satellites .

Cosmo-Skymed is funded by the Italian ministries of research and defense.

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Real Time Satellite Tracking: SKYMED 1
  2. ^ Spaceflight Now: Italian-made Earth observer soars into space
  3. ↑ a b c Chris Bergin: ULA Delta II launches with COSMO-3. NASAspaceflight, October 24, 2008, accessed October 25, 2008 .
  4. ↑ ULA Delta II finally launches with COSMO-4. Retrieved November 14, 2010 .
  5. ↑ a b Liftoff for Cheops, ESA's exoplanet mission. ESA, December 18, 2019, accessed on January 13, 2020 .
  6. ↑ COSMO 1, 2, 3, 4 - Gunter's Space Page. space.skyrocket, June 2, 2017, accessed July 13, 2017 .
  7. ↑ COSMO-SkyMed 4 started successfully. raumfahrer.net, November 6, 2010, accessed on November 12, 2010 .
  8. ↑ CSG 1, 2 (COSMO-SkyMed 2nd Gen.). In: Gunter's Space Page. January 3, 2019, accessed January 7, 2019 .