CZ.NIC

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
CZ.NIC, zspo

logo
legal form Zájmové Sdružení Právnických Osob (community of interests)
founding 1998
Seat Prague , Czech Republic
Number of employees 54
sales 141.9 million CZK
Branch Internet administration
Website www.nic.cz
As of December 31, 2012

CZ.NIC is a private law organization based in Prague , which was founded in 1998 and acts as a Network Information Center , i.e. as the administrator of the country-specific top-level domain .cz and the ENUM domain 0.2.4.e164.arpa . Since January 2004, CZ.NIC has also been an associate member of EURid .

history

Initially, .cz was operated by EUNet Czechia. CZ.NIC was only launched as a legal entity in May 1998 in order to establish an independent body for the development of the top-level domain. Comparable to the German DENIC , CZ.NIC was initially organized as a merger of several Internet service providers , which partially finance the organization and send representatives to the relevant bodies such as the supervisory board . However, their share has continuously decreased to 25 percent in the last few years, the majority of the members (57 percent 2012) are now regular domain owners.

On September 20, 2006, CZ.NIC started testing ENUM , which was released to the public in January 2007. With this technology, domains could be linked to telephone numbers . Two years later, according to official information, 4,834 ENUM domains were already registered, which were theoretically mapped to up to 664,399 numbers. The procedure is officially supported by the local telecommunications companies IPEX, CL-NET and NETWAY.

In 2007, CZ.NIC converted its systems to the so-called Distributed Next Generation Domain Administration . According to his own statement, this is a program that can handle registrations and changes to .cz domains better and is similar to the software of other registries. It was also intended to prepare for the introduction of internationalized domain names under the top-level domain, which was later rejected by the majority. Most recently, in 2008, due to technical concerns about the accessibility and stability of the Domain Name System, there was a vote against such addresses.

In June 2010, CZ.NIC published comprehensive statistics for its top-level domain for the first time. According to this, there were a total of about 630,000 domains in 2009, of which 87 percent were registered to a male owner and only 13 percent to women. A total of five people each have more than 1,000 addresses, the city with the most registrations was Prague . The most commonly used length is eight to nine characters; all short and number domains with one or two characters were fully assigned.

Others

Compared to other Network Information Centers , CZ.NIC has repeatedly attracted attention because it pays special attention to the security of its top-level domain. For example, was only in August 2013 under the name site scanner , a calendar presented that enables web applications to vulnerabilities can be tested. Furthermore, the research project HaaS ( English Honeypot as a Service ) is operated to collect and evaluate data on attack patterns with the help of honeypots , for example for the Secure Shell (SSH), in order to be able to detect automated attacks as early as possible. In addition, CZ.NIC can act as an out-of-court arbitration body , which mediates in a dispute between two parties about one or more domains. The CZ.NIC website collects judgments on the .cz domain, all of which have also been translated into English .

CZ.NIC is also involved in various open source projects, such as free name server software and the Turris Omnia network router, which is designed as open hardware. The name server developed by CZ.NIC is called Knot DNS and was presented in autumn 2011 as an alternative to BIND .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Annual Report of the CZ.NIC Association | CZ.NIC. (PDF) July 16, 2013, accessed on August 21, 2013 (English, 1.1 MB).
  2. ^ CZ NIC as Associated Members. (No longer available online.) EURid, formerly in the original ; Retrieved on August 19, 2013 (English): “The EURid board met in Brussels and was pleased to welcome CZ NIC as Associated Members. Tomáš Maršálek is to be their representative in the board. "
  3. ↑ CZ.NIC launches full operation of ENUM. CZ.NIC, January 22, 2007, accessed on August 21, 2013 (English): "CZ.NIC association, the administrator of the national domain CZ, today at 2:00 PM transferred the ENUM system to the full commercial operation. The Czech Republic has thus become one of the few leading countries of the world that are running the ENUM system on the commercial level. "
  4. ↑ ENUM is celebrating two years of its commercial operation. CZ.NIC, January 22, 2009, accessed on August 21, 2013 (English): “Two years ago, the CZ.NIC Association launched the operation of the ENUM system. This system allows for the transmission of regular telephone calls over the Internet ensuring that the caller does not have to pay minute charges for the effective calls. The number of its users has been growing continuously, the ENUM domain name registry currently includes 4 834 domains, representing 664 399 potential phone numbers. "
  5. ↑ Florian Hitzelberger: News from .mobi, .cat and .cz. In: domain-right. September 7, 2007, accessed on August 20, 2013 : “The Czech domain administration CZ NIC is modernizing its registration system: on October 1, 2007, CZ NIC will launch the so-called“ Distributed Next Generation Domain Administration ”system, or DSDng for short. This is intended to simplify the domain management and the registration process. "
  6. ↑ Florian Hitzelberger: News from .cz, .bg and .au. In: domain-right. December 9, 2008, accessed on August 20, 2013 : “Internet users in the Czech Republic have once again rejected the introduction of internationalized domain names (IDNs). As reported by the registry CZ.NIC, 81 percent of the organizations surveyed and 66 percent of Internet users spoke out against .cz IDNs in a survey. CZ.NIC had already determined similar figures in two older surveys. "
  7. ↑ Florian Hitzelberger: News from .cz, .de, .at and .sport. In: domain-right. June 16, 2010, accessed on August 20, 2013 : “CZ.NIC Association, administrator of the Czech country extension .cz, has published a domain report for the first time. The 14-page report is available free of charge and contains numerous statistics relating to .cz as of December 31, 2009. "
  8. ↑ Florian Hitzelberger: CZ.NIC offers website scanner service for more security. In: domain-right. August 20, 2013, accessed on August 20, 2013 : "CZ.NIC, registry of the Czech country extension .cz, has started two new projects aimed at making the Internet more user-friendly for both consumers and content providers."
  9. ^ Honeypot as a Service (HaaS). Retrieved July 15, 2018 .
  10. ↑ Florian Hitzelberger: New EU countries in the domain test. In: domain-right. May 5, 2004, accessed on August 20, 2013 : “In the event of a legal dispute, both parties can first contact the registry, which will endeavor to mediate. If this attempt fails, there is also a court of arbitration at the Czech Chamber of Commerce or Agriculture. "
  11. ↑ Monika Ermert: European registries are building BIND alternatives. In: heise nets. November 3, 2011, accessed on August 21, 2013 : “For many years, BIND was the only open source solution for authoritative name servers for the Domain Name System (DNS). (...) At the 36th meeting of the IP address administration RIPE in Vienna on Thursday, two other competitors presented themselves: Knot DNS from the development department of the Czech registry CZ.nic and a new development from the European registry Eurid called Yadifa. "

Coordinates: 50 ° 4 ′ 22.6 ″  N , 14 ° 26 ′ 15.8 ″  E