Kazike (Spain)

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Under a cacique (span .: cacique ) one understands in Spain a patron of the caciquismo called oligarchically organized clientele system ( clientelism ). This system of patronage was systematically applied, particularly during the Alphonsian era (rule of Alfonso XII. And Alfonso XIII. 1874–1931) and especially in rural areas.

The Kazike is or was a socially superior personality - mostly a large landowner , but it could also e.g. B. be the local pastor or a lawyer - who politically instrumented the prevailing illiteracy or the ignorance of one's own rights vis-à-vis the state in such a way that by exerting pressure on the population, which is often dependent on the canton, a certain electoral behavior in favor of the canton or of the candidate he or she favored.

During the Alfonsine period, the Liberals and Conservative Parties supported the system of the Bourbon constitutional monarchy. They represented the upper class, landowners, the nobility and clergy, and their local leaders were usually the influential caciques. In the late 1870s, the Liberals and Conservatives came to an agreement to take turns in government. The election results “matching” this system of mutual maintenance of power were ensured on site by the caciks.

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  • Walther L. Bernecker , Hans-Jürgen Fuchs, Bert Hoffmann and others: Spain Lexicon: Economy, Politics, Culture, Society. Beck, Munich 1990, ISBN 3-406-34724-X , page 51.
  • Joaquín Costa : Oligarquía y caciquismo como la actual forma de gobierno en España: urgencia y modo de cambiarla. ( Oligarchy and Kazakhstan as a form of government in today's Spain: necessity and manner of their replacement. ) Biblioteca Nueva, Madrid, 2011 (first edition 1901).