Cardenolides
Cardenolides (gr. Cardia, heart ) are a class of steroids , which in many plants in the form of glycosides are included. Many cardenolides count among the steroids that have an effect on the heart , or their glycosides, the cardenolide glycosides , belong to the cardiac glycosides .
Cardenolides are C-23 steroids with methyl groups at C-10 and C-13 and an unsaturated γ-lactone at C-17. This group also includes the cardadienolides and cardatrienolides.
Cardenolide | Cardenolide glycoside |
---|---|
Antiarigenin | α- and β- antiarin |
Digitoxigenin |
Digitoxin Purple Glycoside A Lanatoside A |
Digoxigenin |
Digoxin Lanatoside C |
Gitoxigenin |
Gitoxin Purple Glycoside B Lanatoside B |
g-strophanthidin (ouabagenin) |
g-strophanthin (ouabain) |
k-strophanthidine | k-strophanthin-α (cymarin) k-strophanthin-β (strophoside) k-strophanthin-γ (k-strophanthoside) convallatoxin convalloside |
Analytics
The Baljet reaction can be used for the wet- chemical detection of cardenolides . The cardenolides are detected via their CH acidity on the lactone ring. Cardenolides can also be detected via the Raymond reaction (with 1,3-dinitrobenzene ) and the Kedde reaction (with 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid ) using a similar mechanism, but with different reagents .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hildebert Wagner: Pharmaceutical Biology . 2. Drugs and their ingredients . Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart 1980.