Cebidichthys violaceus
| Cebidichthys violaceus | ||||||||||||
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Cebidichthys violaceus |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the family | ||||||||||||
| Cebidichthyidae | ||||||||||||
| Gill , 1862 | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Cebidichthys | ||||||||||||
| Ayres , 1855 | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Cebidichthys violaceus | ||||||||||||
| ( Girard , 1854) |
Cebidichthys violaceus (English: Monkeyface prickleback or Monkeyface eel ) is an eel-shaped marine fish that occurs on the west coast of the USA from southern Oregon to California. The fish is raresouth of Point Conception on the Santa Barbara Canal .
features
Cebidichthys violaceus has an elongated body and becomes up to 76 centimeters long. Dorsal, caudal and anal fins are separated from each other. The dorsal fin, which extends from the back of the head to the base of the caudal fin, has hard rays in the front half and soft rays in the rear half. In all other spine backs , it is supported exclusively by hard rays. The pectoral fins are relatively large, pelvic fins are missing. A long side line runs just below the base of the dorsal fin. Adult specimens have lumpy flesh ridges on the top of the head. The fish are almost monochrome black, gray or olive. A few black stripes extend radially from the eye . Some specimens show one or more orange spots on the sides of the body and have orange fin edges.
Way of life
Cebidichthys violaceus lives close to the coast in the shallow water of the rocky tidal zone , usually not deeper than one meter, rarely down to a depth of 24 meters. The fish can breathe air and remain out of the water for 15 to 35 hours if they stay moist. They feed mainly on algae, shrimp and other crustaceans. The spawn is deposited in crevices in the rock and is guarded by a parent. Cebidichthys violaceus is fished and is considered a good food fish.
Systematics
The fish species was described in 1854 by the French-American zoologist Charles Frédéric Girard . A year later, the American ichthyologist William Orville Ayres introduced the genus Cebidichthys for the species , which has since remained monotypical . His colleague Theodore Nicholas Gill put the genus in a subfamily Cebidichthyinae within the family of the spine backs (Stichaeidae) in 1862 . In the following years it was also run as an independent family (Cebidichthyidae). Today most publications on fish systematics (e.g. Fishbase ) list the species in the subfamily Xiphisterinae within the spine backs. A phylogenetic study by a Russian scientist, in which the DNA of different eel mother relatives was compared, showed that Cebidichthys after the Ronquils (Bathymasteridae) occupies a basal position within the eel mother relatives and an independent family Cebidichthyidae is thus justified.
literature
- William N. Eschmeyer, Earl S. Herald, Howard Hamann: A field guide to Pacific Coast Fishes of North America. From the Gulf of Alaska to Baja California (Peterson Field Guides; 28). Houghton Mifflin, Boston, Mass. 1983, ISBN 0-395-33188-9 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Radchenko, OA (2015): The system of the suborder Zoarcoidei (Pisces, Perciformes) as inferred from molecular genetic data. Animal Genetics, Russian Journal of Genetics, November 2015, Volume 51, Issue 11, pages 1096-1112
- ↑ Cebidichthys in the Catalog of Fishes (English)
Web links
- Cebidichthys violaceus on Fishbase.org (English)