Chromocenter

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Cell nucleus of a mouse fibroblast. Two pairs of chromosomes were stained by fluorescence in situ hybridization . The DNA counterstaining with DAPI in blue shows clear chromocenters.

Chromocenters (also: chromocentres) are chromatin structures in the cell nuclei of some eukaryotes that can be stained particularly strongly by DNA dyes. Chromocenters are formed with the participation of satellite DNA by the juxtaposition of the centromeres of several chromosomes , e.g. B. in spermatozoa . Chromocentres belong to the constitutive heterochromatin .

Particularly pronounced chromocentres are found in mouse cells ( Mus musculus ), while human cells usually have no chromocentres.

The term goes back to the Italian plural form “cromocentri” in a work from 1908 by P. Baccarini, who examined the cells of the Maltese sponge .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ BD Berkovits, DJ Wolgemuth: The first bromodomain of the testis-specific double bromodomain protein Brdt is required for chromocenter organization that is modulated by genetic background. In: Developmental biology. Volume 360, Number 2, December 2011, pp. 358-368, ISSN  1095-564X . doi : 10.1016 / j.ydbio.2011.10.005 . PMID 22020252 . PMC 3217133 (free full text).
  2. ^ AV Probst, I. Okamoto, M. Casanova, F. El Marjou, P. Le Baccon, G. Almouzni: A strand-specific burst in transcription of pericentric satellites is required for chromocenter formation and early mouse development. In: Developmental cell. Volume 19, Number 4, October 2010, pp. 625-638, ISSN  1878-1551 . doi : 10.1016 / j.devcel.2010.09.002 . PMID 20951352 .
  3. ↑ N. Alladin, SI Moskovtsev, H. Russell, S. Kenigsberg, AG Lulat, CL Librach: The three-dimensional image analysis of the chromocenter in motile and immotile human sperm. In: Systems biology in reproductive medicine. Volume 59, Number 3, June 2013, pp. 146-152, ISSN  1939-6376 . doi : 10.3109 / 19396368.2013.772679 . PMID 23445178 .
  4. ↑ TO Prusov, OV Zatsepina: Isolation of the chromocenter fraction from mouse liver nuclei. In: Biochemistry. Biokhimiija. Volume 67, Number 4, April 2002, pp. 423-431, ISSN  0006-2979 . PMID 11996655 . PDF .
  5. ^ R. Mayer, A. Brero, J. von Hase, T. Schroeder, T. Cremer, S. Dietzel: Common themes and cell type specific variations of higher order chromatin arrangements in the mouse. In: BMC cell biology. Volume 6, 2005, p. 44, ISSN  1471-2121 . doi : 10.1186 / 1471-2121-6-44 . PMID 16336643 . PMC 1325247 (free full text).
  6. ↑ P. Baccarini: Sulle cinesi vegetative del "Cynomorium coccineum L." In: Nuovo Giornale Botanico Italiano Nuova series . tape 15 , 1908, pp. 189-203 ( csic.es [PDF]).
  7. ↑ KL Jost, B. Bertulat, MC Cardoso: heterochromatin and gene positioning: inside, outside, side any? In: Chromosoma. Volume 121, Number 6, December 2012, pp. 555-563, ISSN  1432-0886 . doi : 10.1007 / s00412-012-0389-2 . PMID 23090282 . PMC 3501169 (free full text).