Churchill (family)
The Churchills are an old English family who have played a central role in British politics since the 17th century.
The founder of the family was Sir Winston Churchill (c. 1620 to 1688), a statesman and historian. His eleven children included Arabella Churchill , the mistress of King James II , and John Churchill , who was promoted to Duke of Marlborough , a key figure in British politics at the beginning of the 18th century, who, alongside Prince Eugene, was the originator of British victory applies over France in the War of the Spanish Succession . As a memorial to his victory near Höchstädt (referred to as "Blenheim" in the English-speaking world) in Bavaria, the British state built Blenheim Palace for him , a stately home in Oxfordshire , which is still the ancestral home of the family and the birthplace of many of the family's most famous representatives.
Since John Churchill died without a male heir , the title "Duke of Marlborough" passed to the Spencer family through the marriage of his daughter Anne Churchill (1688-1716) to Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland . In 1817 George Spencer (1766–1840), with the consent of King George IV., Took the name Churchill back to "Spencer-Churchill", which his descendants still use today. Among these were Lord Randolph Churchill , Sir Winston Churchill , Randolph Frederick Churchill . Sir Winston Churchill Jr. , a son of Randolph Churchill the Younger, was a member of the House of Commons .
Members of the family are:
- Winston Churchill (1620–1688) , English officer, statesman and historian
- Arabella Churchill (1648–1730), mistress of the English King James II.
- John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough (1650–1722), English general
- Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough (1660–1744), childhood friend and confidante of Queen Anne and the wife of John Churchill
- Henrietta Churchill, 2nd Duchess of Marlborough (1681–1733), British noblewoman
- George Spencer-Churchill, 6th Duke of Marlborough (1793–1857), British nobleman and politician
- John Spencer-Churchill, 7th Duke of Marlborough (1822-1883), British statesman and nobleman
- Charles Henry Churchill (1807–1869), British officer and diplomat
- George Spencer-Churchill, 8th Duke of Marlborough (1844-1892), British nobleman
- Randolph Churchill (1849–1895), British politician and father of Winston Churchill
- Jennie Churchill (née Jerome ; 1854–1921), American-English philanthropist and author, wife of Randolph Churchill
- Charles Spencer-Churchill, 9th Duke of Marlborough (1871–1934), British politician and nobleman
- Winston Churchill (1874-1965), British statesman
- John Strange Spencer-Churchill , called Jack Churchill (1880–1947), British officer
- John Spencer-Churchill, 10th Duke of Marlborough (1897–1972), British nobleman
- Clementine Churchill (née Hozier ; 1885–1977), wife of Winston Churchill
- Randolph Frederick Churchill (1911–1968), British politician, journalist and son of Winston Churchill
- John Spencer-Churchill, 11th Duke of Marlborough (1926–2014), British politician, member of the House of Lords
- Winston Spencer Churchill (1940–2010), British politician and grandson of Winston Churchill
- Arabella Spencer Churchill (1949–2007), granddaughter of Winston Churchill and co-founder of the Glastonbury Festival
- James Spencer-Churchill, 12th Duke of Marlborough (* 1955), British nobleman