Cohn extraction

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The Cohn extraction , synonymous with Cohn fractionation , is an extraction of albumins from blood plasma that was developed by the American biochemist Edwin J. Cohn (1892-1953).

properties

The Cohn extraction is a form of plasma fractionation and consists of serial precipitations with increasing ethanol concentrations and decreasing pH values and decreasing temperatures. The precipitations correspond to the Cohn factions. The albumins purified in the process retain their biological activity . The albumins purified by Cohn extraction were used to replace blood plasma after the Second World War . Bovine serum albumin is also purified by the Cohn extraction from bovine blood .

Group I. Group II Group III Group IV Group V
Ethanol volume fraction (%) 8th 25th 18th 40 40
PH value 7.2 6.9 5.2 5.8 4.8
Temperature (° C) −3 −5 −5 −5 −5
Protein fraction (%) 5.1 3 3 3 1
Contained proteins Fibrinogen Immunoglobulins Mannan-binding lectin
Serum amyloid P
Immunoglobulins
Transcobalamin II 		Protein C
α1-antitrypsin
α2-macroglobulin 		Albumins

history

The Cohn extraction was published in 1946 by Edwin J. Cohn and LE Strong. In 2016, a continuous process was developed from the batch process (synonymous batch process) .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Douglas Surgenor: Edwin J. Cohn and the Development of Protein Chemistry. In: The Center for Blood Research & Harvard Medical School , Center for Blood Research, 2002. ISBN 978-0-674-00962-2 .
  2. ↑ KD Hamm, D. Steube, H. Pothe, R. Beer: Experimental studies in animals on the use of a fibrin glue from the human plasma fraction Cohn I in nerve reconstruction. In: Folia haematologica. Volume 115, Number 1-2, 1988, pp. 208-212, PMID 2459022 .
  3. ^ A b Z. Liu, PV Gurgel, RG Carbonell: Purification of human immunoglobulins A, G and M from Cohn fraction II / III by small peptide affinity chromatography. In: Journal of chromatography. A. Volume 1262, November 2012, pp. 169-179, doi: 10.1016 / j.chroma.2012.09.026 , PMID 23026261 .
  4. ↑ a b D. C. Kilpatrick: Isolation of human mannan binding lectin, serum amyloid P component and related factors from Cohn fraction III. In: Transfusion medicine. Volume 7, Number 4, December 1997, pp. 289-294, PMID 9510927 .
  5. ^ EV Quadros, SP Rothenberg, YC Pan, S. Stein: Purification and molecular characterization of human transcobalamin II. In: Journal of Biological Chemistry . Volume 261, Number 33, November 1986, pp. 15455-15460, PMID 3782074 .
  6. ↑ S. Rezania, DG Ahn, Kang KA: Separation of protein C from Cohn Fraction IV-1 by mini-antibody. In: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology . Volume 599, 2007, pp. 125-131, PMID 17727256 .
  7. ↑ C. Huangfu, J. Zhang, Y. Ma, J. Jia, J. Li, M. Lv, X. Ma, X. Zhao, J. Zhang: Large-scale purification of high purity α1-antitrypsin from Cohn Fraction IV with virus inactivation by solvent / detergent and dry-heat treatment. In: Biotechnology and applied biochemistry. Volume 65, number 3, May 2018, pp. 446–454, doi: 10.1002 / bab.1623 , PMID 29072333 .
  8. ↑ C. Huangfu, Y. Ma, M. Lv, J. Jia, X. Zhao, J. Zhang: Purification of α2-macroglobulin from Cohn Fraction IV by immobilized metal affinity chromatography: A promising method for the better utilization of plasma. In: Journal of Chromatography B . Volume 1025, July 2016, pp. 68-75, doi: 10.1016 / j.jchromb.2016.05.013 , PMID 27214605 .
  9. ↑ K. Tanaka, EM Shigueoka, E. Sawatani, GA Dias, F. Arashiro, TC Campos, HC Nakao: Purification of human albumin by the combination of the method of Cohn with liquid chromatography. In: Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas. Volume 31, Number 11, November 1998, pp. 1383-1388, PMID 9921272 .
  10. ↑ EJ Cohn, LE Strong: Preparation and properties of serum and plasma proteins; a system for the separation into fractions of the protein and lipoprotein components of biological tissues and fluids. In: Journal of the American Chemical Society . Volume 68, March 1946, pp. 459-475, PMID 21015743 .
  11. ^ PR Foster: The manufacture of blood plasma products in Scotland: a brief history. In: Scottish medical journal. Volume 61, Number 1, February 2016, pp. 34-41, doi: 10.1177 / 0036933015619311 , PMID 26610795 .