Cohors IIII Nerviorum

The Cohors IIII Nerviorum ( German 4th cohort of the Nervier ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is documented by a military diploma .

Name components

Cohors : The cohort was an infantry unit of the auxiliary troops in the Roman army .

IIII : The Roman number stands for the ordinal number the fourth ( Latin quarta ). Hence the name of this military unit is pronounced as Cohors quarta ...

Nerviorum : the Nervier . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the Nervier tribe in the Roman province of Gallia Belgica when the unit was established .

civium Romanorum : the Roman citizen. The soldiers of the unit had been granted Roman citizenship at one point in time. However, this did not apply to soldiers who were accepted into the unit after this point in time. They received Roman citizenship only with their honorable farewell ( Honesta missio ) after 25 years of service. The addition occurs in the military diploma of 140/154.

Since there are no references to the additions to the name milliaria (1000 men) and equitata (partially mounted), it can be assumed that it is a Cohors quingenaria peditata , a pure infantry cohort. The nominal strength of the unit was 480 men, consisting of 6 Centuries with 80 men each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the province of Britannia . It is listed on a military diploma for the year 135 AD.

The unit may have been relocated to the province of Britannia around 71 under Quintus Petillius Cerialis . The only evidence of unity is based on a diploma dated 135. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Britannia ) that were stationed in the province. It is uncertain whether it will be listed on another diploma.

Locations

The locations of the cohort are not known.

Members of the cohort

Members of the cohort are not known.

literature

John Spaul : Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4

Remarks

↑ ^a ^b John Spaul assigns the military diploma of 140/154 to the Cohors IIII Nerviorum . The reading of the EDCS is [et I] III (?) Nervi (orum) c (ivium) R (omanorum) . According to Margaret M. Roxan , the unit in the (incompletely preserved) diploma is either the Cohors III Nerviorum or the Cohors IIII Nerviorum . It is therefore uncertain whether the Cohors IIII Nerviorum was awarded the civium Romanorum award.

Individual evidence

↑ Margaret M. Roxan : Roman Military Diplomas 1985–1993 (= University of London, Institute of Archeology. Occasional Publications, Volume 14). Institute of Archeology, London 1994, p. 290, no.168, note 6.
↑ John Spaul , Cohors², pp 207-208, 222nd
↑ Military diplomas of the years 135 ( CIL 16, 82 ) and 140/154 ( RMD 3, 168 ).
↑ Dave Went and Stewart Ainsworth: Whitley Castle Tynedale, Northumberland. An archaeological investigation of the Roman fort and its setting English Heritage NGR: NY 6949-4868 ISSN 1749-8775 89-2009, pp. 17-18 ( PDF ).

[NA1-2] John Spaul assigns the military diploma of 140/154 to the Cohors IIII Nerviorum . The reading of the EDCS is [et I] III (?) Nervi (orum) c (ivium) R (omanorum) . According to Margaret M. Roxan , the unit in the (incompletely preserved) diploma is either the Cohors III Nerviorum or the Cohors IIII Nerviorum . It is therefore uncertain whether the Cohors IIII Nerviorum was awarded the civium Romanorum award.

[mmr-1] Margaret M. Roxan : Roman Military Diplomas 1985–1993 (= University of London, Institute of Archeology. Occasional Publications, Volume 14). Institute of Archeology, London 1994, p. 290, no.168, note 6.

[jsp-3] John Spaul , Cohors², pp 207-208, 222nd

[MD-4] Military diplomas of the years 135 ( CIL 16, 82 ) and 140/154 ( RMD 3, 168 ).

[eh-5] Dave Went and Stewart Ainsworth: Whitley Castle Tynedale, Northumberland. An archaeological investigation of the Roman fort and its setting English Heritage NGR: NY 6949-4868 ISSN 1749-8775 89-2009, pp. 17-18 ( PDF ).