Cohors IV Voluntariorum

The tombstone of Q. Cassius Constans ( CIL 3, 8737 )

The Cohors IV (or IIII ) Voluntariorum [civium Romanorum] ( German 4th cohort of volunteers [of the Roman citizens] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas , inscriptions and brick stamps.

Name components

Voluntariorum : the volunteer.

civium Romanorum : the Roman citizen. The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from Roman citizens when the unit was established. The unit was probably excavated under Augustus together with other cohorts; the formation of the units probably took place during the Pannonian uprising and after the defeat of the Varus . A total of up to 44 (or 48) cohorts of Roman citizens may have been formed, of which only 18 are recorded.

Since there are no references to the additions milliaria (1000 men) and equitata (partially mounted), it can be assumed that it is a Cohors (quingenaria) peditata , a pure infantry cohort. The nominal strength of the unit was 480 men, consisting of 6 Centuries with 80 men each.

history

The first evidence of unity in Pannonia Superior is based on a military diploma dated to 134. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Pannonia ) that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated 138, 141, 146, 148, 149, 155/156, 159 and 163, prove unity in the same province.

Locations

Locations of the cohort in Pannonia Superior were:

Ad statuas
Quadrata (Barátföldpuszta, Lébény): bricks with the stamp COH IIII VOL were found here. ( AE 1966, 00301c )

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known.

Commanders

Q (uintus) Cassius Constans, a tribune ( CIL 3, 8737 )

Web links

Commons : Cohors IV Voluntariorum - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

↑ For details on the military diplomas (literature, dates etc.) see the disc page.
↑ See in the article the section Garrison or Troops as well as the individual references and literature given there.

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b ^c ^d John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1841710464 , pp. 19-20 , 32
^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 162 table 6 ( PDF p. 164 ).
↑ Military diplomas of the years 134 ( RMD 4, 250 ), 138 ( CIL 16, 84 ), 141 ( RMD 5, 391 ), 146 ( CIL 16, 178 ), 148 ( CIL 16, 96 ), 149 ( CIL 16, 97 ), 155/156 ( RMD 5, 416 ), 159 ( RMD 5, 422 ) and 163 ( RMD 1, 62 ).

[MD-4] For details on the military diplomas (literature, dates etc.) see the disc page.

[ST-5] See in the article the section Garrison or Troops as well as the individual references and literature given there.

[jsp-1] A ^b ^c ^d John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1841710464 , pp. 19-20 , 32

[js-2] Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 162 table 6 ( PDF p. 164 ).

[MD-3] Military diplomas of the years 134 ( RMD 4, 250 ), 138 ( CIL 16, 84 ), 141 ( RMD 5, 391 ), 146 ( CIL 16, 178 ), 148 ( CIL 16, 96 ), 149 ( CIL 16, 97 ), 155/156 ( RMD 5, 416 ), 159 ( RMD 5, 422 ) and 163 ( RMD 1, 62 ).