Copenhagenize Index

Copenhagenize poster

The Copenhagenize Index is carried out by the Danish Copenhagenize Design Company and awards marks to cities for their efforts to establish the bicycle as a form of transport. Cities with more than 600,000 inhabitants are ranked every two years on the basis of 13 criteria. The index gives an overview of the worldwide development in terms of urban cycling.

history

At the suggestion of the Danish architect Jan Gehl , some streets in Copenhagen were closed to car traffic from 1962, thus initiating continuous conversion into a city ​​for people . His book of the same name was translated in 2015.

Architects and urban planners are now making the pilgrimage to Copenhagen in droves, and consulting firms such as Copenhagenize Design Company have specialized in exporting the concept.

Jan Gehl is very committed to his ideas and argues that urban planning over the past fifty years would have cost tens of thousands of lives because it was one-sidedly geared towards motorized traffic and would have kept people in a state of permanent immobility. Studies indicate that every kilometer traveled by bike would bring in 23 euro cents for the economy and every car kilometer would cost the general public 16 euro cents.

Former blogger Mikael Colville-Andersen coined the term Copenhagenize as it is today. In 2006 he started his photo blog, in 2009 he founded the agency Copenhagenize Design , which advises cities and governments on promoting the bicycle. In Freiburg alone, consistent ecological mobility can save 200 lives over a period of 15 years through cleaner air and more tranquility.

Evaluation process

0-4 points are awarded for each of the 13 evaluation criteria. In addition, another 12 points can be awarded for special results or planning. In contrast to the German Bicycle Climate Test by the ADFC , urban planning programs are also taken into account in the Copenhagenize Index. This is why the index is more of a ranking for urban planners than a recommendation for cyclists. For this reason, the Copenhagenize Index, in which Berlin was listed in 5th place in 2011, is hardly comparable with the bicycle climate test, in which Berlin only came in 30th out of a total of 39 major German cities in 2014.

In 2011, 80 cities were initially assessed, in 2013 there were 150. For 2015, 122 large cities with more than 600,000 inhabitants were included in the assessment.

Evaluation criteria:

1. Representation of interests	How much influence do NGOs have on the city's transport policy?
2. Bicycle culture	Is the cityscape shaped by bicycles?
3. Bicycle facilities	Are there bike racks, parking, (stair) ramps, public transport options ?
4. Bicycle infrastructure	Are there cycle paths and express cycle paths separate from car traffic?
5. Rental bikes	Are there rental bike systems?
6. Gender distribution	Do many women also ride a bike?
7. Percentage of cycling	What is the share of the bicycle in total traffic?
8. Development of the proportion	How has the share of total traffic developed since 2006?
9. Subjective feeling of security on the part of cyclists	Is cycling perceived as safe?
10. Politics	What is the political climate like?
11. Social acceptance	How is the bike accepted by non-cyclists?
12. Urban planning	Are there enough bicycle experts within urban planning?
13. Traffic calming	Are 30 km / h zones shown?

Ranking list

	country	2011	2013	2015	2017	2019
Copenhagen	THE	2	2	1	1	1
Utrecht	NED		3	3	2	3
Amsterdam	NED	1	1	2	3	2
Strasbourg	FRA			4th	4th	5
Malmo	SWE		9	6th	5
Bordeaux	FRA		5	8th	6th	6th
Antwerp	BEL		7th	9	7th	4th
Ljubljana	SVN			13	8th	14th
Tokyo	JPN	4th	12		9	16
Berlin	GER	5	10	12	10	15th
Barcelona	ESP	3	17th	11	11	13
Vienna	AUT	19th		16	12	9
Paris	FRA	7th	19th	17th	13	8th
Seville	ESP		4th	10	14th
Munich	GER	6th	13		15th
Nantes	FRA		6th	7th	16
Hamburg	GER	11	20th	19th	17th	20th
Helsinki	FIN	15th			18th	10
Oslo	NOR				19th	7th
Montréal	CAN	8th	14th	20th	20th	18th
Eindhoven	NED		8th	5
Buenos Aires	ARG			14th
Dublin	IRL	9	11	15th
Minneapolis	United States			18th
Nagoya	JPN		15th
Rio de Janeiro	BRA	18th	16
Budapest	HUN	10	18th
Guadalajara	MEX	12
Portland	United States	13
Stockholm	SWE	14th
London	GBR	16
San Francisco	United States	17th
new York	United States	20th
Bremen	GER					11
Bogota	COL					12
Taipei	TWN					17th
Vancouver	CAN					19th

source

Highlighted good examples

The Copenhagenize Index wants to encourage other cities to adopt their model with good examples:

• In Copenhagen , three bicycle bridges have been built over the harbor: The architecturally remarkable bicycle harbor clips Trangravsbroen, Proviantbroen and Cykelslangen (German: "Fahrradschlange"). Another four inner-city bicycle bridges are being planned.
• In Copenhagen there is a green wave on several routes. The speed of 20 km / h required for this is indicated by LED lights embedded in the lane so that cyclists can adjust their speed accordingly. The adaptation of the green wave to the bicycle speed level was not even negative for car traffic.
• Copenhagen relies on car-free high-speed bicycle routes and highways that connect the suburbs with the old town. Another nine “supercyclic animals” are to follow in the next few years.
• In Copenhagen, 75% of cyclists feel safe or very safe. This is proven by accident figures, according to which a cyclist would have to cycle around the world 100 times (corresponds to 4.1 million km) before suffering a serious accident on the statistical average.
• In Copenhagen the bicycle is used as an everyday object and hardly as a “hipster vehicle”.
• The aim of Copenhagen is that by 2025 half of all urban journeys to work, school or apprenticeship will be made by bike.
• The large number of cargo bikes is praised in Berlin.
• Paris wants to become the Cycling Capital of the World in 2020 and wants to double its cycle path network to 1,400 kilometers. His “Vélib '” rental system with 1,700 stations is being expanded to include an e-bike fleet.
• In Bogota, 121 kilometers of roads are closed to the Ciclovía every Sunday.
• In Malmö, a right of way system for bicycle traffic has been set up at 28 crossings.
• In Tokyo, thanks to the tolerant and disciplined mentality of the locals, cooperation works particularly well and is stress-free. Therefore, as a cyclist, you can feel safer on Tokyo's streets than you usually do in big cities.
• Munich did a very good marketing job and presented itself as the cycling capital . In addition, the cycle path network was expanded to over 1,200 kilometers.
• The largest bicycle parking garage with 12,500 spaces will be built in Utrecht by 2018.
• In London, bicycle highways are planned through the city.
• Nantes has built 400 kilometers of cycle paths in five years.
• In Bordeaux, in addition to the introduction of a widely used bike-share offer, the tram network was also expanded, which was important for the jurors, because a tram city would often develop into a bike-friendly city.

recommendations

Recommendations are made for each city as to how the further development could look like:

• Overall, Berlin and Hamburg are characterized as being traffic-conservative and resistant to advice, which was seen as room for improvement.
• It is argued that Berlin could modernize its bicycle infrastructure for a fraction of the investment in roads and airports. In particular, there would be a lack of parking spaces.
• Munich would now be ready for the next step, should encourage increased use of bicycles and offer cyclists more space on the streets.
• In Amsterdam, the bike paths could be made more uniform.
• Hamburg would have what it takes to play in a league with Amsterdam and Copenhagen if it expanded its infrastructure.

See also

• Website of the Danish consultancy Copenhagenize Design Company
• Cycling in Copenhagen
• Bicycle city
• "Cycling advocacy" in the English Wikipedia

Videos

In German language:

• How bicycles are revolutionizing metropolises , by Ulli Kulke, Die Welt, running time: 1:25 minutes, April 10, 2014

Film series highlighting many "good examples" (in English):

• Overview , running time: 5:40 minutes, Copenhagenize.com, July 14, 2013
• The green wave , running time: 2:50 minutes, Copenhagenize.com, July 22, 2013
• Intermodality , duration: 3:30 minutes, Copenhagenize.com, July 29, 2013
• Security design , running time: 3:20 minutes, Copenhagenize.com, August 5, 2013
• The “Nørrebrogade” district , running time: 3:10 minutes, Copenhagenize.com, August 12, 2013
• Bicycle bridges and expressways , running time: 3:20 minutes, Copenhagenize.com, August 19, 2013
• Design details , running time: 3:20 minutes, Copenhagenize.com, August 26, 2013
• Cargo bikes , running time: 5:20 minutes, Copenhagenize.com, September 3, 2013
• Take habits into account , running time: 3:20 minutes, Copenhagenize.com, September 12, 2013
• Political Will , running time: 4:50 minutes, Copenhagenize.com, September 12, 2013

• Copenhagen new bicycle bridge (cykel slangen) , You-Tube video for the " Snake-Bridge" or Bicycle-Snake , running time: 1:40 minutes, June 29, 2014

Remarks

1. ↑ en: Mikael Colville-Andersen in the English language Wikipedia
2. ↑ The term Copenhagenize goes back to the British Navy. (see Bombardment of Copenhagen (1807) or in the English Wikipedia en: Copenhagenization (naval) and en: Battle of Copenhagen (1807) )
3. ↑ The bike rental system fr: Vélib ' is also available in some other French cities in addition to Paris, in Strasbourg the system is called fr: Vélhop , which you can read in the French Wikipedia

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} Worldwide cyclist paradises , by Andrea Reidl, Zeit online, May 2013
2. ↑ ^{a b c Setting} people in motion, Interview with Jan Gehl, Brand eins, December 2014
3. ^ From cities for people , Deutsches Architektenblatt, June 30, 2015
4. ^ The Bicycle Account 2014 , City of Copenhagen, May 2015
5. ↑ ^{a b} The 20 Most Bike-Friendly Cities on the Planet , by Mikael Colville-Andersen, Copenhagenize Design Company February 6, 2015
6. ↑ Copenhagenize Origins , Copenhagenize.com, November 1, 2011
7. ^ "A cycle route network is not quantum physics," by Simikka Hansen
8. ↑ Copenhagenize Design Company, urban development consultancy
9. ↑ Living spaces instead of storage spaces , “VCDdirekt” magazine 1/2017
10. ↑ ^{a b} Copenhagenize Index 2015 , Art Nouveau Bikes
11. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Copenhagenize Urban Index, The Most Bicycle-Friendly Cities 2013 , Future Mobility, May 19, 2013
12. ↑ 250,000 cyclists paralyze Berlin on Sunday , by Martin Nejezchleba, June 9, 2015
13. ↑ Strasbourg is the fourth best bicycle city in the world , by Kai Littmann on June 4, 2015
14. ↑ Copenhagenize.eu
15. ↑ ^{a b c} Copenhagen is the most bicycle-friendly city in the world July 23, 2015
16. ↑ ^{a b} After Copenhagen without crossing on the bicycle highway , on Gudrun von Schoenebeck, Der Ingenieur, June 19, 2014
17. ↑ How bicycles are revolutionizing metropolises , by Ulli Kulke, Die Welt, running time: 1:25 minutes, April 10, 2014
18. ↑ Copenhagenize - Master Class 2015 , by Simon Knur, Velocity Ruhr, July 26, 2015
19. ↑ ^{a b} Berlin slips in the ranking of bicycle suitability , by Maria Fiedler, Der Tagesspiegel, June 8, 2015
20. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g} Bicycle-friendly metropolises , by Astrid Schlüchter Jul 28, 2015
21. ↑ ^{a b} From Zero to Hero: Cities that rely on cycling change , by Christoph Berger-Schauer, Biki-Citizens
22. ↑ Andrea Hahn on a paralyzing bicycle policy , Tip Berlin, June 18, 2015
23. ↑ Amsterdam and Copenhagen are said to be the most bike-friendly cities , by Florian Rötzer, Heise online May 3, 2013
24. ↑ Amsterdam is no longer the world's cycling capital , by Maria Menzel, Die Welt, June 25, 2015
25. ↑ Copenhagenize Index , website of the Danish consultancy Copenhagenize Design Company
26. ↑ en: Cycling advocacy in the English Wikipedia