DNA modification
| Parent |
| DNA metabolism |
| Subordinate |
|
DNA methylation DNA deamination DNA ADP ribosylation DNA dealkylation Depurination Depyrimidination |
| Gene Ontology |
|---|
| QuickGO |
A DNA modification is the local change in the basic chemical structure of genetic material ( deoxyribonucleic acid ) at a specific nucleotide position .
properties
The sequence of the basic building blocks ( DNA sequence ) of the genetic material is not changed when the DNA is modified. The way in which the genetic information of the genetic material (DNA) is used can be specifically varied through DNA modifications. Changes with the purpose of regulating transcription are called the epigenetic code.
An important DNA modification is DNA methylation , which has a variety of biological functions. Further DNA modifications are, for example, structural changes of the DNA ( Z-DNA , supercoiled DNA ) and phosphorylations at the ends of DNA.
DNA modifications, while not changing the nucleotide sequence, can affect the activation of genes in what is known as epigenetic regulation.
literature
- Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Lubert Stryer : Biochemistry. 6th edition, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2007, ISBN 978-3-8274-1800-5 .
- Donald Voet, Judith G. Voet: Biochemistry. 4th edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York 2011, ISBN 978-1-11813992-9 .
- Bruce Alberts , Alexander Johnson, Peter Walter, Julian Lewis, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts: Molecular Biology of the Cell , 4th Edition, Taylor & Francis 2002, ISBN 978-0-81533218-3 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ YI Buryanov, TV Shevchuk: DNA methyltransferases and structural-functional specificity of eukaryotic DNA modification. In: Biochemistry. Biokhimiija. Volume 70, Number 7, July 2005, pp. 730-742, ISSN 0006-2979 . PMID 16097936 .