Daniel of Morley

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Daniel von Morley , English Daniel of Morlay , Latinized Morilegus or Daniel Morlanensis , (* around 1140 in Norfolk , † around 1210) was an English natural philosopher.

Also written by Daniel von Merlai, Merlac, Marlach.

biography

Most of what is known about him comes from his own works. Daniel of Morley was probably from Morley, Norfolk. He studied in Oxford and Paris, where he was mainly interested in mathematics and astronomy. Since he was dissatisfied with the existing writings, he went to Toledo around 1160 to the then famous school of scholars there ( Translator School of Toledo ), where he met Gerhard of Cremona , about whom he also left biographical information. Finally, around 1187, he returned to England laden with manuscripts that had been translated from Arabic in Spain (although he himself could not speak Arabic). There he found the level of erudition low, except - as he had heard - in Northampton and found in John of Oxford , Bishop of Norwich, a patron to whom he also dedicated his main work Philosophia .

He wrote a De Philosophia , also known as: Liber de Naturis inferiorum et superiorum , written after his return to England ( i.e. after 1187). It is preserved among other things as Codex Arundel 377 of the British Museum. It also contains biographical information about him. He was probably one of the first to make the natural philosophy of Aristotle known in England. In addition to Aristotle, he is influenced by Wilhelm von Conches and by hermetic philosophy and its combination of micro- and macrocosms. So he sees alchemy as part of astronomy.

Morley's forerunners in the study of Arabic scripts in England were Petrus Alfonsi , Robert von Ketton , Adelard von Bath , Robert von Chester and Walcher of Malvern .

Fonts

  • Gregor Maurach (Ed.): Daniel von Morley, "Philosophia". In: Middle Latin Yearbook. Volume 14, 1979, pp. 204-255.
  • Liber de naturis inferiorum et superiorum. Codex Arundel 377, Sudhoffs Archiv, Volume 8, 1917/18, pp. 6–40 (Ed. Karl Sudhoff )

literature

  • G. Jüttner, Daniel von Morley, Lexikon des Mittelalter , Volume 3, Column 538
  • Charles Burnett, The introduction of arabic learning into England, Panizzi Lectures 1996, British Library 1997
  • Theodore Silverstein: Daniel of Morley, English Cosmogonist and Student of Arabic Science, Medieval Studies, Volume 10, 1948, pp. 179-196
  • Martin Müller: The position of Daniel von Morley in the science of the Middle Ages, In: Philosophisches Jahrbuch, Volume 41, 1928, pp. 301–337
  • Thomas Ricklin: The Latin discovery of the quintessence: the "Philosophia" of Daniel von Morley, in: Matthias Lutz-Bachmann, Alexander Fidora, Andreas Niederberger (eds.): Metaphysics in the twelfth century: On the relationship among philosophy, science and theology , Turnhout 2004

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Alcuin, Infothek der Scholastik , University of Regensburg
  2. ↑ Charles Burnett, Some comments on the translating of works from arabic into latin in the mid twelfth-century, in: Albert Zimmermann, Ingrid Craemer-Ruegenberg (ed.), Orientalische Kultur und Europäische Mittelalter, De Gruyter 1985, p. 161
  3. ↑ G. Jüttner, article Morley in Lexikon des Mittelaltes. He quotes Heinrich Schipperges , Influences of Arabic medicine on the microscopic literature of the 12th century, Misc. Mediaevalia, 1, 1962, pp. 139-142
personal data
SURNAME Daniel of Morley
BRIEF DESCRIPTION English natural philosopher
DATE OF BIRTH around 1140
PLACE OF BIRTH Norfolk
DATE OF DEATH around 1210