Daring class (1893)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
flag
Daring class
The HMS Daring
The HMS Daring
Overview
Type destroyer
Shipyard

John I. Thornycroft & Co. , Chiswick ,

Keel laying 1892
Launch August 12, 1893
Commissioning January 1894
Whereabouts Sold for demolition April 10, 1912
Technical specifications
displacement

260 tn
290 tn max.

length

56.4 m (185 ft)

width

5.9 m (19.5 ft)

Draft

2.1 m (7 ft)

crew

46-53 men

drive

3 water tube boilers
2 triple expansion machines ,
4200  ihp (PSi) , 2 shafts

speed

27  kn

Armament

1 × 76 mm / L40-12pdr-12 cwt cannon
3 × 57 mm / L40-6pdr cannons
3 × 45 cm torpedo tubes
(bow tube, twin deck tubes)

Boats of the class

Daring , Decoy

procured at the same time

Havock / Hornet (Yarrow),
Ferret / Lynx (Laird)

The Daring class (1893) was a ship class of torpedo boat destroyers of the Royal Navy before the First World War . She consisted of the two ships HMS Daring and HMS Decoy . They were also known as "27-Knotters".

Development and construction history

The Royal Navy saw the other navies' torpedo boats as a significant threat to their battle fleet. To counter this threat, the Royal Navy has been developing defense ships for years. However, the torpedo cannon boats developed and procured by it had so far not met expectations, as their speed was insufficient to intercept modern torpedo boats. In 1892, the new Third Sea Lord , Rear Admiral Jackie Fisher, ordered six boats from shipyards that had experience in torpedo boat construction, which should have almost the same speed as possible attackers, were equipped with sufficient rapid-fire cannons to repel torpedo boats and were better seaworthy than those up to then own torpedo boats procured. Three shipyards received the first orders for these boats, first known as "torpedo boat catchers", which were soon called "torpedo boat destroyers" .

The Admiralty left the detailed construction of these orders to the shipyards. Yarrow & Co. in Poplar built the Havock and the Hornet , of which the Havock was the first British destroyer to be completed. Laird Brothers in Birkenhead built the Ferret and Lynx and the London shipyard John I. Thornycroft & Co. in Chiswick also built the Daring (keel laid as BauNr. 287 in July 1892) and Decoy (BauNr. 288). The six boats were often grouped together as the "26-knotter" according to their required top speed. Thornycroft was not only involved in building the first British destroyers. The shipyard built over 70 destroyers for the Royal Navy by the end of World War I and was the most important supplier of this type of ship. Thornycroft also built a number of boats for the navies of other states.

Both ships of the Daring class were 56.5 m long and displaced 260 tons. Their Thornycroft steam boilers generated an output of 4,200 hp and gave them a speed of 27 knots . The Daring even reached 28.21 knots in its tests on the Maplin Sands near Southend and was for a while considered the 'fastest boat in the world', with 28.25 knots reported. The armament consisted of a 76 mm gun , three 57 mm guns and three torpedo tubes , one on the bow and two on a rotatable mount behind the two funnels. The torpedo tube in the bow of the boats was removed later, as its use was very weather-dependent and the boats ran the risk of overflowing their own torpedo at higher speeds. The boats had, like all British destroyers up to the turn of the century, a curved front deck, which was called "turtleback" (turtle back). This bow shape did not meet expectations, as the boats took over a lot of water when the sea was rough, as they literally bored into the waves when the sea was rough.

Further development

With the next orders, the Royal Navy increased the maximum speed to be achieved to 27 knots and ordered 36 boats based on the revised requirements. Thornycroft was again one of the first contractors and built three boats according to the new tender ( Ardent class ). The shipyard then delivered eleven of the "30-knottern" (74 boats) advertised immediately afterwards: ten two-chimney boats, which later formed the D-class , and the single HMS Albatross with three chimneys.

The first British destroyers ( 26-knotters )

Surname shipyard Keel laying Launch completion fate
HMS Havock Yarrow & Co. 1.07.1892 08/12/1893 1.1894 deleted 14.05.1912
HMS Hornet Yarrow & Co. 1.07.1892 12/13/1893 7.1894 deleted October 12, 1909
HMS Daring John I. Thornycroft & Co. 1.07.1892 11/25/1893 2.1895 deleted 04/10/1912
HMS Decoy John I. Thornycroft & Co. 1.07.1892 April 7, 1894 6.1895 sunk 13.08.1904
HMS Ferret Laird Brothers 1.07.1892 12/9/1893 3.1895 canceled in 1910, sunk as a target ship in 1911
HMS Lynx Laird Brothers 1.07.1892 01/24/1894 3.1895 deleted 04/10/1912

literature

Web links

Commons : Daring class  - collection of images, videos, and audio files

Footnotes

  1. ↑ David and Hugh Lyon; Siegfried Greiner: Warships from 1900 to today, technology and use . Buch und Zeit Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Cologne 1979, p. 61 .
  2. ^ Preston: Destroyers, pp. 11f.
  3. ^ Lyon: The First Destroyers , pp. 40f.
  4. ↑ Fastest Boat Ever Built New York Times, August 5, 1894
  5. ^ Lyon, p. 98.