Ceiling heating
The ceiling heating is a form of space heating for buildings. Either radiant ceiling panels or electric radiant heaters are used for this.
Radiant ceiling panels are static heating elements in the form of profile strips made of sheet steel with welded pipes and thermal insulation attached to the ceiling , which are connected to the hot water heating system . The radiant heat passes through the room air unhindered and is converted into thermal energy when it hits the floor, the room enclosing surfaces or the furnishings. The surface temperatures rise by 1 to 3 Kelvin above the room air temperature . The size and number of radiant ceiling panels depend on the desired radiation intensity or the heating medium temperature.
Radiant ceiling panels can be used as single panels (ready-to-connect units) for small-room heating or, by joining individual elements, to long strips for large-area heating. At normal heating medium temperatures, around 10 to 20 percent of the ceiling surfaces are covered with radiant ceiling panels.
Thanks to the variable installation of the radiant ceiling panels, uniform irradiation conditions can be achieved in all areas of a hall. The good controllability and low inertia enable short heating times, even for high halls. They are used in high rooms when radiators are a nuisance, there is no space for them or when local heating is necessary in large halls. Ceiling heating systems are also suitable for low room heights if the radiation temperature is below the human body surface temperature.
All radiant heaters also give off heat through thermal conduction. In the case of ceiling spotlights, a cushion of warmth is formed that remains on the ceiling due to the buoyancy of the warm air. The heat pad gradually assumes the temperature of the radiation surface; because then there is no longer a temperature difference, no heat can be given off by conduction into the boundary layer of the air cushion. This is not the case with radiant heaters using wall heating elements or underfloor heating (or radiators ), in which the warm air is continuously removed by convection and cold air is reheated. With ceiling heating, there is hardly any convection (which raises fine dust) in the room and hardly any heat is lost through ventilation or open doors.
Ceiling heating barely heats the air, because of the heat radiation, the irradiated surfaces are always warmer than the air through radiation absorption, the air there is never cooled below the dew point . Some providers are therefore promoting radiant heating for use in apartments to prevent the formation of mold.
In summer, heating through the ceiling can also be used for room cooling; cold water (e.g. from a geothermal probe , from an ice storage tank or fresh water) is pumped through the pipes. In contrast to heating operation, air convection can occur here.
Individual evidence
- ↑ admin: FAQ. In: IGR - Indoor Climate Systems. Accessed December 2, 2019 (German).
- ^ Hermann Rietschel: H. Rietschels textbook of heating and ventilation technology. Springer-Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-662-25438-7 , p. 75 ( limited preview in the Google book search).