Dictation peace

The term dictated peace , also the peace dictate or the peace treaty , describes a peace treaty , the conditions of which, like a victory peace and in contrast to a mutual agreement, are unilaterally determined by the winning side and accepted by the losing side without any chance to participate.

This is how peace treaties are or were usually referred to, in which the winning side (is) strengthened militarily and politically in the course of the military conflict and the losing side becomes or became so insignificant in relation to this that it could lead to a unilateral dictate of peace and its conditions or can.

Such a peace is formally, but not materially, a bilateral agreement among equals, but a unilateral determination of the peace agreement and further political development by the victorious party.

Peace agreements, which were often referred to as "dictated peace":

• Peace of Tilsit (including the Franco-Prussian Agreement)
• Peace of Frankfurt
• Brest-Litovsk Peace Treaty
• Paris suburban treaties (such as the Versailles Peace Treaty and the Saint-Germain Treaty )
• Potsdam Agreement (not a peace treaty under international law, but a de facto peace settlement)

literature

• Dieter Hägermann , Manfred Leier (Hrsg.): Scenes of European history. Chronik-Verlag, Gütersloh et al. 2004, ISBN 3-577-14626-5 .
• Werner Hahlweg : The dictated peace of Brest-Litowsk 1918 and the Bolshevik world revolution (= writings of the society for the promotion of the Westphalian Wilhelms-Universität zu Münster. H. 44, ISSN  0933-2049 ). Aschendorff, Münster 1960.