Distal bite

Distal bite: Angle class II / 1

In dentistry, a distal bite is the back of the lower jaw. The lower jaw lies too far back in relation to the upper jaw ( lat .: distal ). The American orthodontist Edward H. Angle (1855-1930) defined the occlusion in 1899 . Accordingly, the distal bite is defined as Angle Class II . The classification of this dentition anomaly is made according to the occlusion of the first lower molars compared to the upper first molars ( six-year- old molars ). The cause of the positional deviation is a lower jaw that is too far back ( mandibular retrusion ) or a too far protruding upper jaw ( maxillary protrusion ). The distal bite with the lower jaw lying back is the most common jaw misalignment and is very often combined with a deep bite.

Distal bite is characterized by an enlarged anterior tooth step in which there is a large sagittal distance of over 4 mm between the incisors of the upper and lower jaw at the final bite.

Deep bite

In the regularly shaped dentition, the upper incisors overlap the lower incisors vertically by around two to three millimeters. If the vertical overbite is severe, it is called a deep bite. In extreme cases, this can lead to the lower incisors touching the palatal mucosa or biting into it. A special form of deep bite, in which the upper incisors are very steep and completely cover the lower front teeth, is called a cover bite . A bite of the lower incisors into the palatal mucous membrane can lead to their injuries and to inflammatory changes in the gums and jawbones.

therapy

Depending on the severity of the distal bite, removable or fixed appliances or a combination of both are used. The treatment is often accompanied by an improvement in the profile of the face.

Infancy

In newborns, the distal bite is a normal bite position as a harmonious adaptation to the natural way of eating.

Distal bite in the dog

The skeletal distal bite occurs in dogs. The lower jaw appears too short here, the lower jaw incisives lie clearly behind the upper incisors, so that a scissor bite does not develop .

Individual evidence

1. ^ Angle EH: Classification of malocclusion . In: Dental Cosmos. 1899; 41. p. 248
2. ↑ Wolfgang Bigenzahn: Orofacial dysfunctions in childhood: basics, clinic, etiology, diagnostics and therapy; 5 tables . Georg Thieme, 2003, ISBN 978-3-13-100592-2 , p. 15 ( google.com ).
3. ^ Klaus Rötzscher: Forensic dentistry . BoD - Books on Demand, 2003, ISBN 978-3-8334-0372-9 , pp. 60 ff . ( google.com ).
4. ↑ Frank Nötzel, Christian Schultz: Guide to orthodontic diagnostics: analyzes and tables for the practice . Deutscher Ärzteverlag, 2009, ISBN 978-3-7691-3369-1 , p. 21st ff . ( google.com ).
5. ^ Rudolf W. Ott: Clinic and Practice Guide Dentistry . Georg Thieme, 2003, ISBN 978-3-13-131781-0 , p. 543 ff . ( google.com ).
6. ↑ Winfried Harzer: Textbook of orthodontics . Deutscher Ärzteverlag, 1999, ISBN 978-3-446-18548-7 , p. 198 ff . ( google.com ).
7. ↑ Ernst-Günther Grünbaum: Clinic of Dog Diseases: 257 tables . Georg Thieme, 2007, ISBN 978-3-8304-1021-8 , pp. 630 ff . ( google.com ).

This article is about a health issue. It is not used for self-diagnosis and does not replace a diagnosis by a doctor. Please note the information on health issues !