Double-deck theater

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A double- decker theater (also double-decker theater or piggyback theater ; English: double-decker theater , two-decker theater or stacked theater ) is a theater building with two theater halls that are arranged one above the other. This type of theater was developed in New York City at the turn of the 20th century . It arose from the uncovered rooftop theater of the city and was not very common ( less than a dozen ). Today, three of these theater buildings are said to still exist: two in the United States, one in Canada - only the Elgin and Winter Garden Theater Center in Toronto is still active.

Two architects who designed and built double-deck theaters were Thomas W. Lamb and John William Merrow . In 1905 Merrow built the Proctor's Palace Theater in Newark , New Jersey, for Frederick Freeman Proctor . Several such theaters were built under Lamb in New York City , Manhattan . In 1909 he built his first two-story theater, the American Roof Theater , for William Morris instead of another theater building, which was to become the model for others. The Riviera and Japanese Garden Theaters , created in 1913, was a counterpart to the Elgin and Winter Garden Theater Center in Toronto, which remained the only two-story theater built in Canada.

Existing double-deck theater

  • Elgin and Winter Garden Theater Center (address: Yonge Street, Toronto), architect: Lamb, 1913, theaters: Elgin (basement), Winter Garden (upper floor), condition: renovated, in use
  • Proctor's Palace Theaters (address: Market Street, Newark, New Jersey), architect: Merrow, 1905, theaters: Proctor's Palace Theater (basement), Proctor's Palace Roof Theater (upper floor), condition: unrenovated, no use

No longer existing two-story theater

  • American Roof Theater , architect: Lamb, 1909, theater: Winter Garden (upper floor)
  • National Winter Garden (Address: Houston Street, Manhattan, New York City), Architect: Lamb, 1912, Theaters: National Theater (lower floor), Crown Theater (upper floor)
  • Riviera and Japanese Garden Theaters (Address: Broadway, Manhattan, New York City), Architect: Lamb, 1913, Theaters: Riviera (lower floor), Japanese Garden Theater (upper floor)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kurt Jochen Ohlhoff and Ole Helmhausen, DuMont Travel Guide Canada, The East , Mair Dumont DE, 2015, ISBN 978-3-77017-912-1 , p. 116
  2. ↑ Phil Lee and Helen Lovekin, The Rough Guide to Toronto , Rough Guides, 2003, ISBN 978-1-84353-087-9 , p. 53 (English)
  3. ↑ Chloë Catán, Flat Motifs: The Eclectic Designs of the Elgin & Winter Garden Theater Vaudeville Sets , April 1, 2007, Ornamentum (English)
  4. ^ Website of Ross Petty Productions ( Memento of the original from January 20, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , 2015 (English) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / rosspetty.com
  5. ↑ Marquee , Issues 20–22, Theater Historical Society, p. 18 , Google Snippet View (English)
  6. ↑ Ken Bloom, Broadway: An Encyclopedia , ISBN 978-1-13595-0-200 , Routledge, 2013, p. 20 (English)
  7. ↑ Ontario Heritage Foundation, Loew's Yonge Street and Winter Garden Theaters , 2004, p. 3 ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.heritagetrust.on.ca
  8. ↑ Canada's Historic Places , Canadian Register of Historic Places (English)
  9. ↑ Proctors Palace Theater, current condition Julia Wertz, Adventure Bible School, 2013 (English)
  10. ↑ National Theater & Roosevelt Theater , Cinema Treasures (English)
  11. ↑ Japanese Garden Theater , NYC AGO (English)