Three unites
The three unified empires ( Japanese 三 San , San'eiketsu , literally "three heroes") are the three generals who ended the era of the warring empires and the premodern Japan of the Edo- era in a succession through coups d'etat, armed conflicts, diplomacy and assassination. Created time . A centralized, unitary state replaced a decentralized feudal social order.
These men were Oda Nobunaga , his general and vassal Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and their devoted ally Tokugawa Ieyasu .
They met at the Battle of Okehazama and then rose in influence. Oda, who took the capital in a kind of coup d'état in 1568, was a daimyo from the area around what is now Nagoya and a descendant of the Taira , who had been defeated by the Minamoto at the end of the Heian period . In order to realize their plans, they had to face all powerful Sengoku daimyo and their alliances, for example the three-pact between the Imagawa , Takeda and the later Hōjō in the east and a similar alliance in the west.
Oda Nobunaga broke, it is said, the stones necessary to build the state, Hideyoshi worked them, and Ieyasu put them together.
See also
literature
- AL Sadler : The maker of modern Japan: the life of Tokugawa Ieyasu , Rutland, Vermont: Tuttle 1981, ISBN 0-8048-1297-7 .
- Conrad Totman: Tokugawa Ieyasu, shogun: a biography , San Francisco: Heian International, 1983, ISBN 0893462101 .
- Willem Jan Boot: "The death of a shogun: deification in early modern Japan", In John Breen and Mark Teeuwen (eds.), Shinto in History - Ways of the Kami , Curzon, London 2000, ISBN 0-7007-1172- 4 , pp. 144-166.
- Eiji Yoshikawa : Taiko. A. Knaus Verlag, Munich, 1993, ISBN 3-8135-0303-8 .
- Japonius Tyrannus: The Japanese Warlord Oda Nobunaga Reconsidered (Bibliotheek / Belgisch Historich Instituut Te Rome) . Hotei Publishing, 2001. ISBN 90-74822-22-3 (in English).
- Kuno Knöbl: The Samurai.
Web links
- Detailed biography Tokugawa Ieyasu: Samurai Archives: Tokugawa Ieyasu (en.)
- Short biography on samurai-archives.com (English)
- http://www.artelino.de/articles/oda_nobunaga.asp
- http://purl.pt/82/2/ (The original: Whimsical and strange journeys in the most distant Asia by Fernão Mendez Pinto)
- Short biography
- NOBUNAGAOU (japan.)
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.oai.de/en/49-ostasienlexikon/ddd/1172-die-drei-reichseiniger.html , accessed on December 30, 2014
- ↑ http://www.japan-photo.de/momoyama.htm , accessed on December 30, 2014
- ↑ http://www.univie.ac.at/rel_jap/hachimanopedia/Azuchi-Momoyama-Zeit , accessed on December 30, 2014
- ↑ http://proxer.me/wiki/Oda_Nobunaga
- ↑ Peter Pantzer: Samurai. TESSLOFF Verlag, 1992, ISBN 978-3-788-60636-7 , p. 13 ( limited preview in Google book search).
- ^ "The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Japan", by Richard Bowring and Peter Kornicki, ISBN 0-521-40352-9 , Cambridge University Press, page 65, right-hand side from the second paragraph