Pressure wind harmonium

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The pressure wind harmonium (also called compressed air harmonium ) is a type of musical instrument that has been widespread in Germany since the end of the 19th century (alongside the artificial harmonium and the suction wind harmonium ). The pressure wind harmonium comes closer to the artificial harmonium, which has been specially designed for artistic solo use, than the suction wind harmonium. Instruments of this type can still be found in churches and chapels today.

Harmonium (compressed air), W. Sprössel, Leipzig around 1870 Musikinstrumentenmuseum Berlin, cat. No. 4690 - Note on the original text on the photo: Sprössel is likely to be a music dealer who may have attached his own label (which was quite common). The instrument shown is undoubtedly a product of Ph. J. Trayser in Stuttgart. This is indicated by the two silver plaques above the keyboard, the design (identical to the Trayser makes around 1870 and can be verified on the basis of numerous comparative copies) and the design of the register buttons.

Furnishing

  • Sound generation

The pressure wind harmonium works in the same way as the organ . In the pressure wind harmonium, the tone is generated in exactly the opposite way to the suction wind harmonium. By stepping on the pedal, a pressure accumulator, the wind magazine , is filled. He's under pressure. When one or more keys are pressed, the air escapes through the "tongue" (sound carrier in the harmonium), and the sound is created.

(More detailed explanations can be found at Harmonium ).

  • How can a suction wind harmonium be distinguished from a pressure wind harmonium? - (at the same time this results in a more detailed description of the equipment)

1. Distinguishing feature: expression train

2nd distinguishing feature: keyboard

The keyboard pressure wind harmonium C - c4 (the suction wind harmonium goes from F - F3)

3. Difference: keyboard division

Pressure wind harmonium: keyboard division between e1 and f1 (suction wind harmonium: between b and c1)

history

This type of harmonium was originally developed in France. The classic pressure wind harmonium goes back to the builder Alexandre-François Debain . In 1842 he received a patent for the precisely described instrument that worked according to the pressure wind system, with the name "harmonium" which is still in use today.

Pressure wind harmonium from the manufacture "Debain" with four games, 1865

Around 1850 Philip Trayser and J. & P. ​​Schiedmayer founded harmonium factories in Stuttgart. The company's founders (trained in France) introduced the French pressure wind harmonium in Germany. The European manufacturers initially built large numbers of instruments of the pressure wind harmonium type. Little by little , however , large harmonium factories (company founders in Saxony such as ' Theodor Mannborg ', 'Lindholm') produced instruments based on the new suction wind system - mainly because these instruments were cheaper to manufacture.

literature

  • Christian Ahrens, Gregor Klinke: The harmonium in Germany. 2nd Edition. Publisher: Verlag Erwin Bochinsky, 2001, ISBN 3-923639-48-1 .
  • Harmonium. In: Music in the past and present (MGG). Vol. 05 1708f.
  • Robert F. Gellermann: The American Reed Organ and the Harmonium. ISBN 1-879511-12-6 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ FAQ ( Memento of the original from July 7th, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.gdo.de
  2. ↑ History of the harmonium
  3. ↑ Druckwindharmonium ( Memento of the original dated August 7, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.gdo.de

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