Alexandre-François Debain

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Harmonium "Debain" with four games, 1865

Alexandre-François Debain (born July 6, 1809 in Paris ; † December 3, 1877 there ) was a French organ , piano and harmonium builder .

Career

Since 1834 he built pianos and experimented with other instruments. He became famous for the development of a " tongue instrument ", for which he received a patent in 1842. He called it the " harmonium " and the patent specification described the so-called "four game" in detail. This instrument was a pressure wind harmonium that could be efficiently produced. In his factory in La Chapelle-Saint-Ouen ( Département Seine-Saint-Denis ) he employed up to 600 workers. At the world exhibition in Paris in 1867 , he presented a harmonium with 50 games and 3,050 reeds .

Médaillon harmonium Debain.jpg

After his death, his factory Debain & Co. continued. It won a gold medal at the World Exhibition in Paris in 1878 .

Four game (patent "Harmonium") The disposition of this four game:
(0) Forte
(S) Sourdine
(4) Basson 8 ′
(3) Clairon 4 ′
(2) Bourdon 16 ′
(1) Cor Anglais 8 ′
(P) Percussion
( GJ) Grand Jeu
(E) Expression
(P) Percussion
(1) Flute 8 ′
(2) Clarinette 16 ′
(3) Fifre 4 ′
(4) Hautbois 8 ′
(T) Tremolo
(0) Forte

literature

  • Alexandre-François Debain: History of an infringement case Harmoniums Debain. Paris.
  • Alphonse Mustel: The Organ or Harmonium-Expressive , Vol. I. Mustel & Sons Verlage, Paris 1903.
  • Harmonium. In: Music in the past and present. (MGG), Vol. 5, pp. 1708f.
  • Christian Ahrens, Gregor Klinke: The harmonium in Germany - construction, economic importance and musical use. Frankfurt am Main 2001, ISBN 3-923639-48-1 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Keyword harmonium. In: Music in the past and present (MGG). Vol. 5, pp. 1708f.
  2. ↑ The development of harmonium instruments - p. 2. ( Memento of the original dated August 7, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. to the company of the organ friends @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.gdo.de
  3. ↑ The development of harmonium instruments - p. 5.  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. to the company of the organ friends@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.gdo.de  
  4. ↑ a b VL Laboratory
personal data
SURNAME Debain, Alexandre-François
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French instrument maker
DATE OF BIRTH July 6, 1809
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH December 3, 1877
Place of death Paris