EFEO transcription
The EFEO transcription is a transcription for the Chinese language , which was used at the beginning of the 20th century by scholars of the École française d'Extrême-Orient , such as B. Séraphin Couvreur , Arnold Vissière, et al. a. was developed. It is therefore also known under the name Couvreur system or Vissière romanization .
meaning
In the French- speaking world, the EFEO transcription was the most common transcription for Chinese until the middle of the 20th century. It has now been replaced by the pinyin system.
Basics
The EFEO transcription is not based on today's standard Chinese pronunciation , but rather reflects - similar to Latinxua Sinwenz and older versions of Wade-Giles - a supra-regional standard or an older set of sounds. Therefore z. B. in certain words whose initial sound is pronounced in modern standard Chinese [ ʨ ] (pinyin: / j / ), with some words / ts / and with others / k / transcribed.
table
The table shows some differences between Wade-Giles (WG), Pinyin (PY) and EFEO transcription.
IPA | EFEO | Flat share | PY |
---|---|---|---|
p | p | p | b |
pʰ | p ' | p ' | p |
t | t | t | d |
tʰ | t ' | t ' | t |
k | k | k | G |
kʰ | k ' | k ' | k |
ts | ts | ts / tz | z |
tsʰ | ts' | ts '/ tz' | c |
tʂ | tch | ch | zh |
tʂʰ | tch ' | ch ' | ch |
tɕ | k / ts | ch | j |
tɕʰ | k '/ ts' | ch ' | q |
ɕ | s / h | hs | x |
w | ou / w | w | w |
j | i / y | y | y |
ɤ | ö / é | o / ê | e |
əɻ | owl | êrh | he |
z̩ | eu | ǔ | i |
i | e | ih | i |
y | u | ü | ü / u |
u | ou | u | u |
ən | en | ên | en |
ʌŋ | closely | closely | closely |
jɛ | ie | ieh | ie |
jow | ieou / iou | iu | iu |
jn | ien | ien | ian |
Where | ouo | o / uo | o / uo |
waj | ouai | uai | uai |
wej | ouei | ui | ui |
wan | ouan | uan | uan |
uən | ouen | U.N | U.N |
ɥɛ | iue | üeh | üe / ue |
ɥɛn | iuen | üan | üan / uan |
yn | iun | ün | ün / un |
jʊŋ | ioung | iung | iong |
See also
literature
- Klaus Kaden: The most important transcription systems for the Chinese language. An introduction to self-study. Leipzig, Encyclopedia 1975.
Web links
- Table de correspondance des transcriptions du chinois ( sinoiseries.org , PDF ; 28 kB)
- Table for converting various transcriptions ( Memento from May 24, 2008 in the Internet Archive )