Migration package

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The migration package is a bundle of legislative proposals on German migration policy of the 24th Federal Government of the Federal Republic of Germany ( Merkel IV cabinet ). It includes regulations on labor migration and asylum.

  1. Skilled Workers Immigration Act of August 15, 2019,
  2. Second law to better enforce the obligation to leave the country of August 15, 2019, unofficial: Orderly Return Act,
  3. Law on the extension of the Integration Act of July 4, 2019,
  4. Law on tolerance for training and employment of July 8, 2019,
  5. Foreign Employment Promotion Act of July 8, 2019,
  6. Second law to improve registration and data exchange for purposes of residence and asylum law (Second Data Exchange Improvement Act) of 4 August 2019
  7. Third law amending the Asylum Seekers Benefits Act of 13 August 2019,
  8. Third law amending the Nationality Act of August 4, 2019

The Skilled Workers Immigration Act initially had the working title of the Immigration Act .

The migration package is not to be confused with the UN migration pact .

history

Coalition agreement

In the coalition agreement signed on March 12, 2018 between the CDU , CSU and SPD , it was agreed under VIII. No. 2 (labor migration): Our country needs large numbers of suitable and qualified skilled workers . No job should remain unfilled because there is a lack of skilled workers. (...) That is why we will work out a set of rules for controlling immigration into the labor market and the associated right of residence and return in a set of laws that is based on the needs of our national economy. Such a law will summarize the existing regulations, make them more transparent and, where necessary, make them more efficient. When moving to Germany, the needs of our national economy , qualifications , age, language as well as proof of a specific job and securing a livelihood must be taken into account . We understand skilled workers to mean university graduates as well as immigrants with qualified professional training or extensive practical knowledge. (...)

Cabinet decision

On December 19, 2018, two bills were passed in the cabinet meeting of the Federal Government: The Skilled Workers Immigration Act ( BT-Drs. 19/8285 ) and the Law on Tolerance for Training and Employment ( BT-Drs. 19/8286 )

Adoption of eight laws in the “Migration Package” in June 2019

The “migration package” comprises a total of eight draft laws on migration. On June 7, 2019, the Bundestag passed a legislative package on the order, control and limitation of migration made up of the following seven laws in 2nd and 3rd readings; The first five are in the lead of the Federal Ministry of the Interior :

Skilled Workers Immigration Act
The Bundestag passed the version of March 13, 2019 ( BT-Drs. 19/8285 ) by roll call with 369 votes in favor and 257 against: The Skilled Workers Immigration Act is intended to lower the barriers to the entry of workers from non-EU countries. Those who are qualified should be able to come to look for a job without an employment contract. Up until now this was only possible for university graduates . With the new regulation, the government wants to remedy the shortage of skilled workers . In the justification for the draft of the Skilled Workers Immigration Act published on March 13, 2019, it is stated that a shortage of skilled workers "already exists in many companies, especially in the health and care sector, in the so-called MINT professions (mathematics, computer science, natural science and technology). , but also noticeable in the skilled trades ”and has“ developed into a risk for the German economy ”. The new law will suspend the priority check for skilled workers, combined with the possibility of "reacting to changes in the labor market in an uncomplicated manner and being able to reintroduce the priority check at short notice".
The ministers Hubertus Heil (Labor and Social Affairs) and Horst Seehofer (Interior, Construction and Homeland) announced that the Skilled Workers' Immigration Act will only come into force on January 1, 2020 and initially only apply until June 30, 2022. If the next federal government does not extend it, it will only apply for two and a half years. The date of entry into force was later set for March 1, 2020.
Second law for better enforcement of the obligation to leave the country
The law was passed by roll call with 372 votes in favor, 159 against and 111 abstentions.
Law on the expiry of the integration law
It concerns an unlimited period of residence regulation for persons entitled to protection according to § 12a of the Residence Act .
Law on tolerance for training and employment
The Bundestag passed the version of March 13, 2019 ( BT-Drs. 19/8286 ) .: The law on tolerance for training and employment is intended to create new prospects for well- integrated rejected asylum seekers , limited until mid-2022 . The so-called Arbeitsduldung is intended to give rejected asylum seekers who live with a Duldung in Germany the opportunity to obtain a more secure residence permit . They should be allowed to remain safe for up to two and a half years (30 months). Requirements include, among other things, that they have worked full-time (at least 35 hours) for at least 18 months and have been tolerated for at least twelve months. Such a regulation had previously been in the debate under the heading of “changing lanes” .
Second data exchange improvement law
The second data exchange reform law provides, according to media information, "that various authorities easier access to data from the Central Register of Foreigners in the future, are stored in the information of some 10.6 million people without a German passport. These authorities include youth welfare offices, but also police and security services. In addition, the fingerprints of children should also be recorded in the future. ” Horst Seehofer then came under fire because he stated that the law had been introduced“ tacitly ”,“ because it is complicated, it does not excite ”and that one has to “Making laws more complicated”.
Foreign Employment Promotion Act
The law was enacted on July 8, 2019.
Third law amending the Asylum Seekers Benefits Act
This reform of the Asylum Seekers Benefits Act stipulates that asylum seekers should no longer drop out of benefits after the 15th month of their stay in Germany, which is intended to counteract drop-outs among refugees. Training companies should receive more legal and planning security, and volunteer refugees should have an allowance of 200 euros. In addition, the requirement rates for asylum seekers were reduced and benefits in kind were granted. For refugees who do voluntary work, an allowance of 200 euros should apply.

Before the seven laws were passed, the Greens and the Left had unsuccessfully applied for the migration package to be removed from the agenda, given the speed with which the last committee hearings were held and 58 amendments were incorporated.

Reform of the nationality law
An eighth reform was passed in the Bundestag on June 27, 2019. The citizenship law was changed so that dual nationals who join a terrorist militia can lose their German citizenship. A plural marriage is an obstacle to naturalization and naturalization based on false information should also be reversed up to ten, not as before five, years later.

Web links

  • Press and Information Office of the Federal Government: More skilled workers for Germany - Cabinet passes skilled workers immigration law (online)
  • Opinion of the Federal Council , draft of a law on the immigration of skilled workers, printed matter 7/19 (decision), February 15, 2019

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Skilled Workers Immigration Act - text, changes, reasons; ( BGBl. I p. 1307 , PDF, not printable)
  2. Second law for better enforcement of the obligation to leave the country - text, changes, reasons; ( Federal Law Gazette I p. 1294 , PDF, not printable)
  3. Law on the extension of the integration law - text, amendments, reasons
  4. Law on tolerance for training and employment - text, amendments, reasons
  5. Foreign Employment Promotion Act - text, amendments, reasons; ( Federal Law Gazette I p. 1029 , PDF, not printable)
  6. Second Data Exchange Improvement Act - text, changes, reasons
  7. Third law amending the Asylum Seekers Benefits Act - text, changes, reasons; ( Federal Law Gazette I p. 1290 , PDF, not printable)
  8. Third law amending the Nationality Act - text, changes, reasons
  9. coalition agreement of the federal government of March 12, 2018. In: www.bundesregierung.de. Retrieved June 14, 2019 . P. 105.
  10. a b Henrike Roßbach: Bundestag passes legislative package on deportation and migration. In: www.sueddeutsche.de. June 7, 2019, accessed June 8, 2019 .
  11. Bundestag passes migration laws. In: Tagesschau. ARD, June 7, 2019, accessed on June 8, 2019 .
  12. Organize, control and limit migration! Comprehensive BMI legislative package passed by the German Bundestag. In: press release. Federal Ministry of the Interior (BMI), June 7, 2019, accessed on June 12, 2019 .
  13. a b New regulations for immigration into the German labor market. In: www.bundestag.de. June 7, 2019, accessed June 13, 2019 .
  14. BT-Drs. 19/8285 , pp. 1-2.
  15. Germany gets an immigration law. In: FAZ. December 17, 2019, accessed June 7, 2019 .
  16. Questions and answers about the skilled worker immigration law. In: www.bmi.bund.de. Federal Ministry of the Interior, Building and Home Affairs, 2019, accessed on November 2, 2019 .
  17. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung from December 19, 2018 (online)
  18. Holger Hansen: New rules for skilled immigration from 2020. Reuters, December 20, 2018, accessed on June 7, 2019 .
  19. a b “You have to make laws complicated.” - Criticism of Seehofer. In: BR. June 7, 2019, accessed June 12, 2019 .
  20. Organize, control and limit migration. In: www.bundesregierung.de. The Federal Government, 2019, accessed on June 12, 2019 .
  21. Kristina Hofmann: Deportation Law: Through, but how ... In: www.zdf.de. June 7, 2019, accessed June 13, 2019 .
  22. Deutschlandfunk.de: Withdrawal of citizenship for IS fighters with one-two passports , June 27, 2019
  23. German citizenship: People in plural marriage should be denied citizenship , Zeit Online , June 25, 2019, accessed on June 27, 2019.