Maternity leave
Maternity leave is a term used to describe the employment bans for women in connection with childbirth. The term “ vacation ” is misleading in this context, as the employment bans do not serve to exempt employees from work in order to enable them to perform certain other activities (recreation, bringing up children, training, etc.). Rather, the aim is to ward off dangers that the (expectant) mother would face if she continued to work. The more technical term, which is mainly used in Austria, is maternity leave (leave from work on the occasion of maternity).
In the European Maternity Protection Directive , the term “maternity leave” denotes the time off to be granted to female employees in connection with a childbirth , which at the same time represents a prohibition of employment for a specified minimum .
In most cases, maternity leave is part of a maternity insurance policy .
Germany
In Germany these are for workers in the Maternity Protection Act and for officials in the maternity and parental leave regulation included the Federal Republic and the parallel provisions of the countries.
In the past, the term maternity leave was used for leave to raise children, before it was first replaced by childcare leave and finally by parental leave (cf. the now deleted § 8a-8d of the Maternity Protection Act).
In Germany, you are entitled to maternity leave for 14 weeks (6 weeks before the expected delivery date and 8 weeks after the birth, for premature and multiple births 12 weeks, § 3 ), during which 100% of the previous income is paid.
Switzerland
In 2005, maternity leave was set at 14 weeks, with at least 80% of the previous salary, but a maximum of 196 francs / day.
Austria: parental leave
The parental leave (maternity leave) , generally short maternity leave must always be at least 2 months, for multiple births, premature births, and after a cesarean birth, this time increased to 20 weeks. It begins at the earliest at the end of the protection period ( maternity leave ) and lasts at most until the last day before the child's 2nd birthday. In addition, under certain conditions, parents can postpone 3 months of parental leave for later consumption (between the child's 2nd and usually the 7th birthday). Parental leave can be shared twice between mother and father ( parental part-time , each part of parental leave at least 2 months), which is why we speak of parental leave .
Working mothers receive maternity allowance during the protection period from the responsible social security agency , which corresponds to the average net earnings of the last 13 weeks. Civil servants receive their employer's salary for the duration of parental leave. Thereafter, until the end of parental leave, you will no longer receive any pay, but instead lump-sum or income-related childcare allowance.
There is a special protection of the employment relationship that can only be terminated under special conditions. This protection generally ends 4 weeks after the end of parental leave.
Belgium
A total of a maximum of 15 weeks of maternity leave, of which at least 1 week before the birth and (mandatory) 9 weeks after the birth (17 weeks for twins, triplets or quadruplets).
In the first 30 days, an average of 82 percent of the monthly salary is paid without setting a minimum amount. From the 2nd month onwards, 75 percent of the salary is paid out.
France
According to Art. L. 1225-17, al. 1 C. trav. a right to 16 weeks maternity leave (6 weeks before the birth and 10 weeks after the birth) for the first two children. From the third child, 26 weeks (8 + 18 weeks), Art. L. 1225-19, al. 1 C. trav.
For twin births, 34 weeks (12 + 22) apply; for triplets (or more) 46 weeks (24 + 22), Art. L. 1225-16 C. trav.
Mothers can shorten their maternity leave to a minimum of 8 weeks (2 + 6).
During maternity leave, the person concerned enjoys absolute protection against dismissal .
Denmark
The mothers can claim 18 weeks of the total of 50 weeks of maternity leave. The remaining 32 weeks, however, can be split between mother and father.
For people who work on a salary, the salary is paid out, for self-employed people the profit.
Italy
Maternity leave lasts for 5 months. During this time, 80 percent of the salary is paid.
Sweden
Pregnant women are given 50 days of maternity and paternity leave before giving birth, and 450 days of maternity and paternity leave after giving birth to the mother or father.
During maternity and paternity leave, 80 percent of the salary is paid out, with a base amount for low-income and inactive people.
Portugal
120 days of maternity leave. If more than one child is born, the maternity leave period is increased by 30 days. During this time, 100 percent of the salary is paid.
Spain
16 weeks of maternity leave. If more than one child is born, the maternity leave period is increased by 2 weeks.
During this time, 100 percent of the salary is paid.
United Kingdom
39 weeks of maternity leave.
In the first 6 weeks after the birth, 90 percent of the salary is paid, in the remaining 33 weeks a fixed amount is paid weekly (the smaller of £ 140.98 or 90 percent of the salary).
For children born after April 3, 2011, it is provided that the father (or possibly the mother's partner) can take up to six months of maternity leave, provided that the mother is back to work.
Netherlands
16 weeks of maternity leave.
For all non-self-employed, the entire salary is paid, if this does not exceed 167.00 euros, for self-employed the entire monthly wage, if it does not exceed 1,265.00 euros.
Greece
17 weeks maternity leave.
If the salary is not less than 6.00 euros per day, 100 percent of the last monthly salary is paid out.
Finland
15 weeks of maternity leave
Women who earn around EUR 26,720.00 annually receive 70 percent of their salary, those who earn between EUR 26,721.00 and 41,110.00 annually receive 40 percent of their salary and those who earn more each year receive 25 percent of their salary. Women who were unemployed receive at least 11.00 euros per day.
Maternity leave in Finland is 10 months, up to 2 months of which before delivery. Fathers are also encouraged to take part in the upbringing, but this only works slowly. However, all fathers get the first week after the birth of the child. During maternity leave, women receive 80% of their net salary. If the woman is not working, which rarely happens, there is 15 euros per day. (Source: German Midwives Journal)
European Union
In October 2010 the European Parliament passed a EU- wide uniform maternity leave of 20 weeks.
Norway
One year with 80% of the salary or 10.5 months with full salary. The father receives 15 weeks.
United States
There are no statutory regulations on maternity leave or continued salary payments. There is no entitlement to payments from the social security agencies.
Cuba
18 weeks maternity leave (6 weeks before and 12 weeks after childbirth, 8 weeks before childbirth for multiple births) with full salary compensation. Then parental leave until the child's first birthday with 60 percent salary compensation and a safe return to work. Since February 2017, in addition to the father and mother, grandparents have also been able to take care of the child as part of parental leave.
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Maternity leave and maternity allowance on ch.ch
- ↑ Parental leave ( Memento from January 31, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) , help.gv
- ↑ Parental leave and part-time parental leave , Sozialministerium.at
- ↑ Parental leave , in AK.portal , Chamber of Labor Austria (accessed on September 19, 2016)
- ↑ a b c d e Maternity leave , Austrian Economic Chambers, www.wko.at
- ↑ Maternity leave: Before and after childbirth , MISSOC, ec.europa.eu (accessed on January 7, 2008)
- ↑ Childcare allowance ( memento of the original from September 19, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , in AK.portal , Chamber of Labor Austria (accessed on September 19, 2016)
- ↑ Direction de l'information légale et administrative (Premier ministre): Congé de maternité d'une salariée du secteur privé. In: Service Public - Le site officiel de l'administration francaise. January 1, 2019, accessed January 22, 2019 .
- ^ Official website of the UK government: Maternity pay and leave. Retrieved July 27, 2017 (English).
- ^ Employment Law Changes April 2011. Archived from the original on March 20, 2011 ; accessed on February 6, 2011 .
- ↑ Deutsche Welle: EU Parliament for longer maternity leave
- ↑ Vedtak til lov om endringer i folketrygdloven and kontantstøtteloven (innfasing av tredeling av foreldrepenger mv.). June 7, 2018, accessed November 8, 2018 (nb-NO).
- ↑ DECRETO LEY No. 339 “DE LA MATERNIDAD DE LA TRABAJADORA”
