Energy turnover

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Under the energy expenditure or total revenue is understood in the physiology (especially in the Ecophysiology ) the amount of energy per period of time, which has an animal to maintain its life processes. The energy turnover is calculated from the basic turnover and the performance or work turnover of a living being. In working studies , this serves as an indicator of the physical difficulty of a job.

The energy expenditure can be measured directly or indirectly using calorimetry . Since the direct method is very complex, the indirect method is used especially for larger living beings such as humans. This is possible because when the nutrients are broken down, water (H 2 O), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and nitrogen-containing products are produced which can be measured. With known physiological calorific values ​​of the absorbed nutrients, the energy conversion can be calculated from these measurement results.

The energy metabolism not only differs between species and within a population , but also depends on the respective situation in a single individual. The muscles convert more energy during physical activity than at rest. Furthermore, at very low or high ambient temperatures, a body needs more energy to maintain the optimum body temperature than at medium temperatures (see also thermoregulation ). Within a living being there are also differences in the intensity of the energy expenditure. The metabolic rate of fat deposits is much lower than that of organs such as the heart , liver or kidneys .

If an overall balance of the energy expenditure of an individual or population is worked out, it is called in ecology and Livestock Research of an energy balance (English: energy budget ).

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  1. REFA Association for Work Studies and Business Organization e. V. (Hrsg.): Methodology of the company organization: Lexicon of the company organization . Munich: Carl-Hanser, 1993 ( ISBN 3-446-17523-7 ). Page 70.

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