Enlil-bāni (Isin)

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Enlil-bāni was from 1860 to 1837 BC. The 10th king of the 1st dynasty of Isin and ruled according to the Ur-Isin king list (Ur-Isin king list line 15) for 24 years. He is best known for the legendary and probably inexplicable way of his ascent.

biography

According to two different copies of a chronicle, a certain Ikūn-pî-Ištar ( Ik [u-un] -pi-Iš 8 -tár ) is recorded as ruler for 6 months or a year between the reigns of Erra-imittī and Enlil-bāni. Another chronicle (The Babylonian Chronicle, fragment 1 B ii 1-8.), Which could have shed further light on its origin, is too fragile to translate. A longer inscription proclaims:

In Nippur , I enforced justice and promoted justice. I looked for food for them like sheep and fed them fresh grass. I took the heavy yoke from their necks and put them in a safe place. After doing justice in Nippur and satisfying their hearts, I enforced law and justice in Isin and filled the heart of the land. I reduced the tax on barley, which had been a fifth, to a tenth. The muškēnum [nb 3] only served four days a month. The palace cattle had grazed in the fields of ... who had shouted "O Šamaš " - I drove the palace cattle away from their plowed fields and banished these people's cries to "O Šamaš".

The hegemony over Nippur was short-lived, and control of the city shifted back and forth between Isin and Larsa several times. Also Uruk split off during his reign, and crumbled as his power, he may let the chronicle of the early kings edit to a more legendärere history to deliver his accession as the more mundane act of usurpation , which it may have been good. It is said that Erra-Imittī chose his gardener, Enlil-bâni, enthroned him and put the royal tiara on his head. Erra-Imittī subsequently died while eating hot porridge, and Enlil-bāni became king because he refused to leave the throne.

The colophon of a medical text (panel K.4023, paragraph iv, lines 21 to 25), "when a person's brain contains fire" [nb 4] from the library of Ashurbanipal reads: "Tried and tested ointments and envelopes, ready to use, according to the ancient sages from before the flood of Šuruppak , left by Enlil-muballiṭ, the sage ( apkallu ) of Nippur, in the second year of Enlil-bāni (posterity). "

Enlil-bāni considered it necessary to "rebuild the ruined wall of Isin" (stele IM 77922, CBS 16200, and 8 others), which he recorded on memorial steles. He named the wall Enlil-bāni-išdam-kīn (two steles, IM 10789 and UCLM 94791 "Enlil-bāni is firm in its foundation"). In practice, the walls of the big cities were probably under constant repair. He was a tremendous builder, responsible for the construction of the é-ur-gi7-ra, "the dog house" (stele 74.4.9.249 and others in a private collection in Wiesbaden), the temple of Ninisina , a palace, (clay imprint, IM 25874) as well as the é-ní-dúb-bu, "house of relaxation", for the goddess Nintinugga , "lady who resuscitates the dead" (stele in Chicago A 7555), the é-dim-gal-an-na, "House - Greatmast of Heaven" (IM 79940) for the patron deity of Šuruppak, the goddess Sud, and finally the é-ki-ág-gá-ni for Ninibgal, the "lady with patient mercy who loves the ex-Voto Prayers and requests answered, his shining mother "(NBC 8955 and A 7461 inscription on two steles) Two large copper statues were brought to Nippur for dedication to Ningal, which Iddin-Dagān had made 117 years earlier, but could not deliver" the goddess Ninlil the god Enlil extend the lifetime of Enlil-Bāni. "(Plate UM L-29-578)

There may be two hymns addressed to this monarch.

literature

  • DO Edzard, The 'second intermediate time' of Babylonia , Wiesbaden, 1957, pp. 138–152.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Jean-Jacques Glassner: Mesopotamian chronicles . In: Jean-Jacques Glassner, Benjamin R. Foster (Eds.): Writings from the ancient world . tape 19 . Society of Biblical Literature, Atlanta 2004, ISBN 90-04-13084-5 , pp. 107 f., 154 (558440503 [accessed April 9, 2020]).
  2. Internet Archive: Early Mesopotamia . Routledge, 1994, pp. 239 ( archive.org [accessed April 9, 2020]).
  3. ^ Simo Parpola: Letters from Assyrian scholars to the kings Esarhaddon and Ashurbanipal . Eisenbrauns, Winona Lake, Ind. 2007, ISBN 978-1-57506-139-9 , pp. XXVI .
  4. ^ Alan Lenzi: The Uruk List of Kings and Sages and Late Mesopotamian Scholarship . In: Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions . tape 8 , no. 2 , 2008, ISSN  1569-2116 , p. 150 , doi : 10.1163 / 156921208786611764 ( brill.com [accessed April 9, 2020]).
  5. Hello, William W .: The world's oldest literature: studies in Sumerian belles-lettres . Brill, Leiden 2010, ISBN 978-90-474-2727-8 , pp. 703 (593295842 [accessed April 9, 2020]).
  6. ^ R. Campbell Thompson: Assyrian medical texts from the originals in the British Museum . Oxford University Press, 1923, pp. 104 f .
  7. ^ A. Livingstone: The Isin "Dog House" Revisited . In: Journal of Cuneiform Studies . tape 40 , no. 1 , March 1988, ISSN  0022-0256 , p. 54-60 , doi : 10.2307 / 1359707 ( uchicago.edu [accessed April 9, 2020]).
  8. ^ Frayne, Douglas .: Old Babylonian period (2003-1595 BC) . University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Ont. 1990, ISBN 978-1-4426-7803-3 , pp. 77-90 (288092394 [accessed April 9, 2020]).
predecessor Office successor
Erra-Imitti King of Isin
1860–1837 BC Chr.
Zambija