Development strategy
A development strategy is a long-term approach aimed at eliminating the development deficits of developing countries . The development strategy is part of development policy.
history
The development strategy is part of development policy. For the history see therefore under development policy .
Current development strategy
In 1996, the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) of the OECD presented a development strategy for the 21st century with the aim of halving the proportion of the extremely poor by 2015 despite the growing world population . These goals formed the basis for the Millennium Development Goals adopted by the UN General Assembly in September 2000 ( see Millennium Summit )
The various development strategies
Unbalanced growth strategy (polarization strategy)
The strategy of unbalanced growth looks, because of the limited investment resources , the best way to initiate an overall development in the concentrated promotion of individual key industries or growth centers . It assumes that such a center will generate development impulses for surrounding regions or that these will have positive effects on the surrounding area. This manifests itself, for example, in increasing demand and new jobs. Since the funding of individual centers temporarily increases regional disparities , critics fear that the differences could even worsen rather than decrease in the long run.
Balanced Growth Strategy
The strategy of equilibrium growth is based on the assumption that a self-sustaining economic system can only be achieved by making a large number of coordinated and simultaneous investments in a large overall concept. However, pursuing this strategy is very capital intensive .
Decoupling strategy
The decoupling strategy calls for the developing countries to be separated from the world market . It is based on the model of the Chinese development path under Mao (“ auto-centered development ”) and aims to build an independent economy and society based on one's own resources and needs. However, implementation is difficult because the developing countries are often endowed with very different resources and the internal market sizes are often insufficient. This theory is often called the dependency theory , even if the actual dependency theory provides further details. See also: Deglobalization
Basic needs strategy
The basic needs strategy is a modern development strategy and is based neither on the classical capitalist nor on the Marxist-Leninist development theories. It is only intended to help people to help themselves and tries to meet the material and immaterial basic needs of those parts of the population affected by underdevelopment . Economic interests are in the background here.
Further development strategies
- Pole of growth strategy
- Strategy of the discharge locations
- Middle Centers Strategy
- Cluster strategy
See also
literature
- Franz Nuscheler: Learning and work book development policy . Bonn 2004, ISBN 3-8012-0350-6