Eudrilidae

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Eudrilidae
Eminoscolex ruwenzorii Beddard, 1907, Ruwenzori Mountains. Front end, bottom view. The segment numbers are given. Frank Evers Beddard, Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 2, p. 428, 1907.

Eminoscolex ruwenzorii Beddard, 1907 , Ruwenzori Mountains . Front end, bottom view. The segment numbers are given. Frank Evers Beddard , Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 2, p. 428, 1907.

Systematics
Over trunk : Lophotrochozoa (Lophotrochozoa)
Trunk : Annelids (Annelida)
Class : Belt worms (Clitellata)
Subclass : Little bristle (Oligochaeta)
Order : Earthworms in the broader sense (Crassiclitellata)
Family : Eudrilidae
Scientific name
Eudrilidae
Claus , 1880

Eudrilidae is the name of a family of little bristles in the order of the Crassiclitellata (earthworms in the broader sense), of which around 500 species are common in Africa .

features

The Eudrilidae have a cylindrical body lacking dorsal pores. There are four pairs of bristles on each segment , with the top two pairs often sitting closer together than the bottom two pairs.

In the 5th segment, the esophagus usually forms a chewing stomach , while there are rarely chewing stomachs in the midgut. The intestinal canal also has calcium glands, while caecum is absent. The closed blood vessel system of the Eudrilidae has a similarly constructed supra-oesophageal vessel in the front part of the body next to the back vessel. The nephridia are well developed.

The clitellum the hybrid is ring-shaped or saddle-shaped, and occupies up to 7 segments between the 12th and the 18th segment. 6 A pubertal tubercle is absent, but genital papillae or porophores are generally present. There is an unpaired male genital opening or a pair in the 17th segment or in the furrow of the 17th to the 18th segment at the posterior edge of the clitellum, simultaneously serving as an exit for the pair of tubular prostates . The receptacula seminis may be absent or otherwise heavily modified, expand into the ovarian segment and lead through an unpaired opening or a pair mostly behind, rarely in front of the testicles or have common exits with the fallopian tubes via the pair of female genital openings on the 14th segment, sometimes continuing backwards as a blind sac of the coelom.

Distribution, habitat and way of life

The Eudrilidae are common in tropical Africa south of the Sahara . The species Eudrilus eugeniae (Kinberg, 1867) from equatorial West Africa has also been transported to other regions by humans. The Eudrilidae, like other Crassiclitellates, are soil-dwellers and substrate- eaters , which digest the organic components of the ingested substrate.

Genera

The family Eudrilidae has about 53 genera with about 500 species in two subfamilies :

literature

  • Carl Claus : Fundamentals of Zoology: For Scientific Use, Volume 1. NG Elwert, 1880. Eudrilidae, P. 479.
  • Reginald William Sims (1981): A classification and the distribution of earthworms, suborder Lumbricina (Haplotaxida: Oligochaeta). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series 39 (2), pp. 103–124, here p. 111.