Fähnlilupf

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As Fähnlilupf ( Swiss German for erecting the flag ) were referred to an armed gathering of militias in the Republic of the Three Leagues in today Grisons in Switzerland . The aim of such an assembly was often the establishment of a criminal court. At a fähnlilupf the militias from one or more judicial communities gathered to exert pressure on the rulers.

Well-known Fähnlilupfe

A well-known case was the Fähnlilupf in 1572 near Chur . The assembled militiamen set up an arbitrary criminal court, which ordered the arrest of Johann von Planta and sentenced him to death. As a consequence of the events, the Republic of the Three Leagues officially forbade Fähnlilupf by the Bundestag (Dieta da las lias) with the decree Dreisieglerbrief on February 6, 1574 . Nevertheless, a Fähnlilupf triggered the Bündner turmoil in 1618, namely the establishment of the Thusner criminal court in 1618 by the militias of several judicial communities in the Lower Engadine . In the course of the trial, the Catholic priest Nicolò Rusca was arrested and tortured. Rusca died during interrogation. The Fähnlilupf ultimately led to the Veltliner murder in 1620 and to a civil war in the republic.

background

The Ilanz Articles , the constitution of the Republic of the Three Leagues , did not provide for a supreme court. Only the judicial communities had the regular right to litigate. If a superordinate court was necessary, it had to be reassembled each time. The decision whether such a court should be formed was made by the delegates of the judicial communities in the Bundestag by decree. This has been a long and uncertain process. This fact often led to the fact that the militias from one or more communities spontaneously gathered together to demand the removal of an unwelcome adversary. They gathered behind the flags of the judicial communities or a high court. Often they spontaneously set up an actually illegal criminal court. Such courts were used particularly often by supporters of the Reformation under the leadership of their pastors, to take action against the lower nobility who remained Catholic , but also to combat corruption and treason in the Graubünden region.

literature

  • Handbook of Graubünden history : Volume 2; Early modern age; Verlag Bündner monthly newspaper; Chur 2005
  • Istorgia Grischuna ; Adolf Collenberg; Lia Rumantscha; Chur 2003 (Rhaeto-Romanic)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Silvio Färber: Criminal Court. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland , accessed on June 7, 2020 .
  2. ↑ Martin Bundi : Dreisiegler letter. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . March 5, 2015 , accessed June 7, 2020 .
  3. ↑ Randolph C. Head; Association for Bündner Kulturforschung: Democracy in early modern Graubünden. Social order and political language in an Alpine state, 1470–1620. Chronos, Zurich 2001, ISBN 3-0340-0529-6 .