Thread grid
The scrim , even lat. Velum (Italian velo ) and as graticula (German, rust 'or even confessional lattice'), respectively. The name comes from Latin and means something like "curtain, canvas, curtain" (here: "cloth" with square lines) and should be stretched as an interface between the painter and his painting subject, as an aid so that he can better draw out his subject can be transferred to a two-dimensional surface.
Leon Battista Alberti defined it in his second book of the treatise "Della Pittura" (1435/1436) as a perspective aid for lifelike representation on a drawing plane with the help of a grid that allows proportional estimates, which are then drawn onto the sheet. This method of mapping provides for the transfer of the outlines of the stretched figures into a parallel projected image and is especially recommended for reproduction on smaller image carriers.
It is a transparent cloth that is attached to a frame as an aid for the painter between the object to be depicted and his person. There is a squared grid interlaced with threads. This gives a clue to the transfer of the painting subject , which should lead to an accurate reproduction of the model. Geometric foreshortenings that lead to a spatial representation of the image can be transferred particularly well. In Alberti's opinion, the expectations of a painting at the time, namely to reproduce a natural object as realistically as possible, could not possibly be satisfactorily met without the Velum.
Albrecht Dürer later (1525) made an illustration of this device as a woodcut and thus spread knowledge about it in painting circles.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Leon Battista Alberti : Della Pittura - About the art of painting . Ed .: Oskar Bätschmann and Sandra Gianfreda . Knowledge Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 2002, ISBN 3-534-15151-8 .
- ↑ Albrecht Dürer : Instructions in measuring with a compass and ruler, in lines, surfaces and whole bodies. 1525 . In: Theodore Besterman (Ed.): Collegium Graphicum . Portland / Oregon. Facsimile edition of the 1525 edition. William Clowes & Sons, London 1972, ISBN 0-915346-52-4 , pp. 92 .