Wrinkling (material science)
Wrinkles are created by stress on kinking , squeezing or shearing of thin, plastic and / or flexible materials such as sheet metal or paper or several layered layers of such materials.
Wrinkles can also form if the top layer of a limited area expands due to heating or other factors and thus tries to occupy more area than is available. This effect occurs z. B. when the folds of the asphalt surface of roadways in appearance in high heat. For composites , i. H. layered and glued materials, wrinkles can occur due to the different coefficients of thermal expansion of the composite materials.
Wrinkling is also a result of material fatigue .
One of the most famous model attractors of chaos theory, the Rössler attractor , was constructed based on the example of the working principle of a candy mass mixer ( taffy puller ). The main principles for mixing the ingredients here are wrinkling and stretching .