Familistère

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Familistère in Guise, central wing

The Familistère de Guise in France is a complex of buildings built by the manufacturer and utopian socialist Jean-Baptiste André Godin in the mid-19th century. The complex was built to provide housing for workers in Godin's factory close to work. It is considered to be the first social housing of the modern age. The solutions it contained were used again over 50 years later by architects such as Le Corbusier .

architecture

Three residential building complexes in the background, day nursery, school and theater in the foreground, on the right factories, Fig. 19th century.

Godin, who decided to take over the planning of the complex himself, oriented himself on the cooperative Phalanstères devised by Charles Fourier . The complex stands like a castle in a loop of the river Oise . Three large residential complexes each enclose inner courtyards roofed over with glass. A fourth open complex is just south of the complex. Godin himself lived in one of the mostly two or three-room apartments. The covered inner courtyards of the residential complexes were used for festivities, among other things. Godin attached great importance to healthy hygienic conditions. For example, there is a fresh air supply under the floors of the courtyards. Air can escape at the edges of the glass roofs in order to achieve adequate air conditioning in the inner courtyards. Furthermore, the communal use of a wash house on the Oise was planned.

The right and middle wings are largely original. The north left wing, on the other hand, was rebuilt after war damage in the First World War, provided with balconies and with architectural decorations.

The complex consists of three residential buildings, each of which is oriented towards a large glass-roofed inner courtyard, school buildings, a crèche, a bathhouse and a theater.

Todays use

The cooperative model was only dissolved in the 1960s. The complex is still partially inhabited today. Renovation work is currently taking place in the right wing. There is a café and museum in the premises of the cooperative shop. The theater is still used for cultural events, but also for a multimedia presentation as part of museum tours. In the right wing there is a model apartment of the museum.

  • Inside view, right wing

  • Inner courtyard, central wing

  • Familistère 2.jpg

  • Familistère, right wing, reconstructed with additional decorations 1920–22

  • Crèche, theater and school building

literature

  • Gabriele Stauner-Linder: The Société du Familistère de Guise des J.-BA Godin. An appreciation of their history with special consideration of the corporate and labor law issues. Lang, Frankfurt am Main a. a. 1984, 223 p., Series: Studies on the history of labor law and social policy, ISBN 3-8204-7929-5 , dissertation from the University of Munich , 1981.
  • Rudolf Stumberger : The story of a "utopia réalisée". Familistère Godin, Guise / France , Bauwelt issue 27–28.04, 23 July 2004, p. 13.
  • Rudolf Stumberger: The Utopia Project. The past and present of the “Familistère Godin” cooperative and residential model. VSA, Hamburg 2004, ISBN 3-89965-096-4 .
  • Nils Ballhausen: Le Projet Utopia, Familistère Godin. The reprogramming. Guise / France, Bauwelt , issue 27–28.04, 23 July 2004, p. 26, architect (s): Algrin, Thierry, Paris.
  • Alexander Musik: Familistère - the brick utopia . In: MieterMagazin , May 2001.

Movie

  • Familistère - A Social Utopia in the 19th Century. Documentation, France, 1997, 28 min., Written and directed: Catherine Adda, production: ARTE France, Les films d'ici, Le musée d'Orsay, series: Baukunst , summary of arte with online video excerpt (3: 02 min.).

Web links

Commons : Familistère de Guise  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Joseph Hanimann: Palace of Utopias . In: Süddeutsche Zeitung , August 28, 2017, p. 12

Coordinates: 49 ° 54 ′ 15 ″  N , 3 ° 37 ′ 31 ″  E