Franco (bellagradensis)

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Franco († October 10 after 1085 ) was bishop in Hungary and Poland .

Life

Mentions

For the year 1071 one was Franco as adviser of King Solomon of Hungary noted, for 1075 a bishop Franco as a witness in a document of King I. Geza 1081 was a bishop of Bella degree ( episcopus bellagradensis ) Franco in the monastery of Saint-Hubert in Liege at a Consecration present. In 1075, on the advice of the Polish Bishop Franco , the Polish King Władysław Herman sent an embassy with gifts to the Saint-Gilles monastery in Occitania to ask for a male descendant. In the book of brotherhoods and in the book of the dead of the Lubiń Monastery near Posen a Franco was commemorated, in the book of the dead of the Liège cathedral chapter a bishop Franco of Veszprém was commemorated. Polish and Hungarian research finds it conclusive that this is a person.

Bellagrad

The bishopric of Bellagrad is unclear, however. The name was probably derived from a place Belgrade , Slavic from bel (y) ( white ) and grad ( castle ). Would be possible

  • Székesfehérvár , German Stuhlweissenburg , seat of the Hungarian king, first mentioned in 1009 as Alba Civitas , Latin for white city , but belonging to the diocese of Veszprem
  • Veszprém , German Weißbrunn , seat of a bishop since 1009, but never referred to as Belgrade , white city or similar. Since Franco was referred to as Bishop of Veszprém in the Liège Book of the Dead , it was still a possible assignment
  • Alba Iulia , in German Weißenburg , capital of Transylvania / Transylvania, which supposedly also had a diocese since 1009, but there are no other written documents about it until the early 12th century, so its existence is uncertain for the 11th century, including the seat in Weißenburg is only mentioned in the 12th century
  • Belgrade in Serbia, at that time also part of Hungary, a Roman Catholic diocese is not known there for this time
  • Belgard (Białogard) in Pomerania, there was never a bishopric here, but there were 1000 for a short time in the nearby Kolberg

Life

From this it could be concluded that Franco probably came from the area around Liège in Lorraine, went to Hungary and was bishop there in 1075 at the latest. In 1081 he stayed at Liège for a while, with the title of Hungarian (or Pomeranian?) Bishop, and then went to Poland, where he was Bishop of Posen in 1085. He had contacts with the Lubiń Monastery, which had recently been founded with monks from Liège.

literature

  • Jacques Stiennon: La Pologne et le pays mosan en moyen âge. In: Cahiers de civilization médiévale . Issue 4/16. 1961. pp. 457-473 , here p. 462f.
  • Tadeusz Wasilewski: Kościół monarszy w X-XII wieku i jego zwierzchnik biskup polski , Kwartalnik Historyczny, Tom 92, 1985. pp. 751f. (pdf)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Georg Heinrich Pertz u. a. (Ed.): Scriptores (in Folio) 8: Chronica et gesta aevi Salici. Hannover 1848, p. 579 ( Monumenta Germaniae Historica , digitized version ) and p. 590
  2. ↑ cf. Joachim Bahlcke: Hungarian Episcopate and Hungarian Monarchy. Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 2005. p. 57 , Franco is nevertheless often assumed to be the second bishop in historical depictions of Transylvania.
  3. ↑ This interpretation has long been prevalent in Polish research, but Wasilewski, p. 751, rejecting it
personal data
SURNAME Franco
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Franko (Polish)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bishop in Hungary and Poland
DATE OF BIRTH 11th century
DATE OF DEATH October 10 after 1085