Franciscan monastery Kulm
The Franciscan monastery Kulm was a branch of the Franciscans in Kulm (today Chełmno) in Prussia. It existed from the 13th to the 19th century.
location
The monastery was located at the church of St. James and Nicholas in the west of the old town on the city wall.
history
Kulm was the seat of the Teutonic Order in the Kulmerland. In 1255 brothers of the Franciscan order, founded in 1210, came to the city, for whom the (vice) landmaster Gerhard von Hirzberg founded a monastery in 1258 . This was the second of the Franciscan Order in the Order of Prussia (after Thorn ). It initially belonged to the Polish-Bohemian Order Province, in 1272 it was first mentioned in the Saxon Province ( Saxonia ). The new church was consecrated around 1346 .
When the order was divided as a result of the poverty dispute in 1517, the convent joined the conventual branch , which advocated a more generous interpretation of the vow of poverty . In 1539, as a result of the Reformation, all the brothers left the monastery.
A new Franciscan convent was founded around 1582. After Polish Prussia joined the Kingdom of Prussia in 1772 , a ban on accepting novices was issued in 1775. In 1806 the monastery was closed and in 1811 the last monks left the building.
The facility was first handed over to the Order of the Sisters of Mercy, who moved into the empty Benedictine monastery in 1822. In 1837 a newly built Catholic grammar school was opened on the site, and in 1868 the empty church was made available for use. Since 1939 this has been used to accommodate various people.
The church has been a Catholic parish church since 1945.
Web links
- Kościół pw. Śś. Jakuba i Mikołaja w Chełmnie. Odznaka krajoznawcza województwa kujawsko-pomorskiego, accessed January 15, 2020 .
- Kościół świętych Jakuba i Mikołaja. Parafia pw.Wniebowzięcia NMP w Chełmnie, accessed January 15, 2020 .
- About a book inventory from the 13th century. by Jerzy Kaliszuk 2009, accessed January 15, 2020 (Polish).