Peace of Barcelona
The Peace of Barcelona , signed on June 29, 1529, ended the conflict between the Holy Roman Emperor and Spanish King Charles V (Charles I of Spain) and Pope Clement VII towards the end of the War of the League of Cognac .
prehistory
From 1521 Charles V waged war with Francis I of France for rule in northern Italy. Clement VII initially tried to be neutral in this conflict, but in the following years he approached Charles' side. In 1526, however, after Franz I was captured, he ended his alliance with Karl and joined the League of Cognac. The imperial troops then conquered Rome and it came to the devastating Sacco di Roma . The Pope fled to Castel Sant'Angelo, but had to surrender at the beginning of June.
The peace treaty
In the peace negotiated by Gattinara , Praet and Granvelle with the papal nuncio, the Bishop of Vaison, Clement VII confirmed the Habsburg hegemony in northern Italy with extensive concessions regarding church benefits and the promise of the imperial coronation of Charles V.
In return, the Pope received sovereignty over the territories of Italy, which had been lost in the past, including Ravenna, Cervia, Modena, Reggio and Rubiera, and was thus able to secure the continued existence of the Papal States.
The assurance of the reinstatement of the Medici as rulers of Florence, who had been expelled from the city during the Pope's captivity, was perhaps also a matter of particular concern to him because of his illegitimate birth as the son of Giuliano I de 'Medici .
consequences
As a result of this peace treaty, on August 5, 1529, the so-called Women's Peace of Cambrai between Charles V and Francis I took place and on February 24, 1530 in Bologna, the last coronation of a Roman-German emperor by the Pope.
literature
- Alfred Kohler: Karl V .: 1500-1558; a biography . Beck, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-406-52823-6 .
- Sebastian Hoffmann: The peace treaties of Barcelona and Cambrai 1529 . GRIN Verlag, Munich 2010, ISBN 3-640-81816-4 .
- Heinrich Lutz : Reformation and Counter Reformation . Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, Munich 1997, ISBN 3-486-49584-4 .
Web links
- 1529 VI 29 Peace and Alliance Treaty of Barcelona. Contract text. Leibniz Institute for European History . Retrieved June 19, 2016 .