Heinrich Lutz

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Heinrich Lutz (born August 20, 1922 in Wolfratshausen ; † May 18, 1986 in Zwettl Abbey ) was a German-Austrian historian .

Live and act

Grave at the Hinterbrühl cemetery

Heinrich Lutz was born the son of an engineer and a pharmacist. He had a sister and four brothers, including the sociologist Burkart Lutz . Lutz grew up in Essen and Augsburg, where he attended the St. Stephan high school run by Benedictines . After graduating from high school, he began studying history and classical philology at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich in 1940/41 , which he had to interrupt because of military service and being a prisoner of war. While still a student, Lutz came into contact with the German occupation regime during a mandatory holiday assignment in Lodz in the summer of 1941. He later formulated the defining impression as follows: "It soon became clear to us 19-year-old students that what the scientific language calls genocide was going on here with Jews and Poles - that is, genocide." From 1945 to 1951, Lutz continued his studies , which he completed with both state exams. In 1952 he was with Franz Schnabel with the work Conrad Peutinger . PhD contributions to a political biography . Lutz then worked briefly as a teacher in Munich. From 1953 to 1960 he was a research assistant at the German Historical Institute in Rome . In 1961 he completed his habilitation in Munich with the thesis Christianitas afflicta supervised by Schnabel . Europe, the empire and papal politics in the decline of the hegemony of Emperor Charles V. In the following year Lutz was appointed associate professor for history and art history at the Philosophical-Theological University of Passau, and in 1963 he moved to the University of Saarbrücken as a full professor . From 1966 until his death, Lutz taught and researched as the successor to Hugo Hantsch on a professorship for the history of modern times at the University of Vienna . In 1979 he turned down a call to the Free University of Berlin . Alfred Kohler and Moritz Csáky are among his academic students .

Since 1969 Lutz was a full member of the historical commission at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences , from 1971 to 1986 he headed the German Reichstag files department for the commission . Younger row , in March 1985 he was elected President of the Commission as the successor to Theodor Schieder , followed by Eberhard Weis . Since 1983 Lutz was a corresponding member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . In addition, he was a corresponding member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences since 1968 and a full member since 1973 . Lutz was a member of the advisory boards of the German Historical Institute in Rome and the Historical College in Munich, of which he was one of the first fellows in 1980/81. He was also an advisory board member of the Max Planck Institute for History . In this function, he was a member of the advisory committee of the German federal government that accompanied the planning of the German Historical Museum in Berlin.

Lutz left behind an extensive body of work that includes 18 monographs, five large handbooks on European, Italian, German and Bavarian history, around 20 volumes edited by him, and around 100 scientific articles. Two main research areas are clearly recognizable: Lutz's main area of ​​work has been Charles V's politics , humanism and the Reformation since his academic qualifications . He presented important overall accounts of the confessional age , in particular the study book Reformation and Counter-Reformation and the great synthesis The Struggle for German Unity and Church Renewal in the context of the Propylaea history of Germany . In addition, he emerged as editor: he edited three volumes as part of the Nunciature reports from Germany along with supplementary files for the period 1552 to 1556, which appeared in 1959, 1971 and 1981, and edited (with Alfred Kohler) the minutes of the Reichstag of the imperial commissioner Felix Hornung for the Reichstag of 1555. The second research focus was the 19th century, to which Lutz turned increasingly since he moved to Vienna. In 1979 he emerged with the investigation of Austria-Hungary and the founding of the German Empire , which was based on extensive archive research and represented the foreign policy of the Habsburg Monarchy between 1867 and 1871. With his last big book Between Habsburg and Prussia. Germany 1815–1866 , in 1985, written for a larger audience, it offered the prehistory to a certain extent: it presented German history in the era of the German Confederation , including economic, social and cultural developments, and placed a special emphasis on history Austria-Hungary was heavily taken into account. Lutz's presentation differed considerably from the competing overall presentations of that time, Thomas Nipperdey's German History 1800–1866 and Hans-Ulrich Wehler's German Social History . In addition, Lutz published on a variety of other topics, such as the Italian history of the 16th and 17th centuries, contemporary Catholic history and the history and theory of historical studies; six days before his death he gave Ranke's Bavarian Politics at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . National and world historical perspectives held.

Heinrich Lutz had been married since 1953 and had a daughter and three sons, including demographics researcher Wolfgang Lutz . The committed Catholic died on an excursion by his Viennese community to Zwettl. He is buried at the Hinterbrühl cemetery .

Fonts (selection)

  • Conrad Peutinger. Contributions to a political biography (= treatises on the history of the city of Augsburg. Volume 9). Die Brigg, Augsburg 1958 (also dissertation at the University of Munich, Philosophical Faculty, May 15, 1953).
  • Democracy in the twilight. The way of the German Catholics from the German Empire to the Republic 1914–1925. Kösel, Munich 1963.
  • The political and religious awakening of Europe in the 16th century. In: Propylaea World History Volume 7, ed. by Golo Mann and August Nitschke . Propylaeen-Verlag, Berlin 1964, pp. 25-132.
  • Christianitas afflicta. Europe, the Empire, and papal politics in the decline of the hegemony of Emperor Charles V (1552–1556). Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, Göttingen 1964.
  • Austria-Hungary and the establishment of the German Empire. European decisions 1867–1871. Propylaea, Frankfurt am Main 1979, ISBN 3-54907392-5 .
  • Reformation and Counter-Reformation (= Oldenbourg outline of history . Volume 10). Oldenbourg, Munich 1979, ISBN 3-486-49585-2 .
  • The German nation at the beginning of the modern era. Questions about the success and failure of German unity in the 16th century (= writings of the Historical College. Lectures . Vol. 1), Munich 1982 ( digitized version ).
  • (Editor) The Roman-German Empire in the political system of Charles V (= writings of the Historical College. Colloquia . Vol. 1). Oldenbourg, Munich 1982, ISBN 978-3486-51371-4 ( digitized ).
  • The struggle for German unity and church renewal. From Maximilian I to the Peace of Westphalia from 1490 to 1648 (= Propylaea History of Germany. Volume 4). Propylaen-Verlag, Berlin 1983, ISBN 978-3-549-05814-5 .
  • Between Habsburg and Prussia. Germany 1815–1866 (= The Germans and their Nation. Volume 2). Siedler, Berlin 1985, ISBN 978-3-88680-055-1 .

literature

Web links

Remarks

  1. ^ Heinrich Lutz: Church renewal and German fates. Questions of time reflected on the experiences of the "1922 class". In: Alfred Kohler / Gerald Stourzh (ed.): The unity of the modern times. On the historical work of Heinrich Lutz. Munich 1989, pp. 83–96, here: p. 87 (reprint of a text that Lutz first published in 1970).
  2. ↑ Alfred Kohler / Gerald Stourzh (ed.): The unity of the modern times. On the historical work of Heinrich Lutz. Munich 1989, pp. 9–11 (“Introduction”).
  3. ^ Eberhard Weis: Heinrich Lutz. In: Historisches Jahrbuch 108 (1988), pp. 515-518, here: p. 517.
  4. ^ Nunciature reports from Germany along with supplementary files , 1st section: 1553–1559. Volume 13: Nunciatures of Pietro Camaiani and Achille de Grassi. Legation of Girolamo Dandino. (1552-1553). Arranged by Heinrich Lutz, Tübingen 1959; Volume 14: Nunciature of Girolamo Muzzarelli. Mission of Antonio Agustin. Legation of Scipione Rebiba. (1554-1556). Arranged by Heinrich Lutz, Tübingen 1971; Volume 15: Peace Legation of Reginald Pole to Emperor Charles V and King Henry II (1553–1555). Arranged by Heinrich Lutz, Tübingen 1981.
  5. ↑ The Reichstag minutes of the Imperial Commissioner Felix Hornung from the Augsburg Reichstag 1555. With an appendix: The memorandum of the Reichsvizekanzler Georg Sigmund Selb. Edited by Heinrich Lutz, Vienna 1971.
  6. ^ Heinrich Lutz: Rankes Bavarian Politics. National and world historical perspectives. In: Historische Zeitschrift 244 (1987), pp. 265-284.
personal data
SURNAME Lutz, Heinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Austrian historian
DATE OF BIRTH August 20, 1922
PLACE OF BIRTH Wolfratshausen
DATE OF DEATH May 18, 1986
Place of death Zwettl Abbey