Hinterbrühl
market community Hinterbrühl
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coat of arms | Austria map | |
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Basic data | ||
Country: | Austria | |
State : | Lower Austria | |
Political District : | Mödling | |
License plate : | MD | |
Surface: | 16.97 km² | |
Coordinates : | 48 ° 5 ' N , 16 ° 14' E | |
Height : | 280 m above sea level A. | |
Residents : | 3,952 (January 1, 2020) | |
Population density : | 233 inhabitants per km² | |
Postcodes : | 2371, 2393 (Sparbach) | |
Area code : | 02236, 02237 (Sparbach) | |
Community code : | 3 17 12 | |
NUTS region | AT127 | |
UN / LOCODE | AT HBL | |
Address of the municipal administration: |
Hauptstrasse 29 2371 Hinterbrühl |
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Website: | ||
politics | ||
Mayor : | Erich Moser ( ÖVP ) | |
Municipal Council : ( 2020 ) (25 members) |
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Location of Hinterbrühl in the Mödling district | ||
View over the Hinterbrühl, in the middle the parish church |
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Source: Municipal data from Statistics Austria |
Hinterbrühl is a market town with 3952 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020) in the Lower Austrian district of Mödling , about 17 km southwest of Vienna .
geography
Community structure
The municipality includes the following four localities (population in brackets as of January 1, 2020):
- Hinterbruhl (3393)
- Sparbach (250)
- Water Explosion (22)
- Weissenbach near Mödling (287)
The community consists of the cadastral communities Hinterbrühl, Sparbach and Weißenbach bei Mödling.
structure
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Map with all coordinates: OSM | WikiMap | ||||||
Legend for the breakdown table
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Adjacent communities
Give cold people | Giesshübl , Perchtoldsdorf | Maria Enzersdorf |
Vienna Woods | Mödling | |
Gaaden |
A new neighborhood was created in 2012 through an exchange of territory between Perchtoldsdorf and Kaltenleutbaren on the order of 58 hectares . Perchtoldsdorf now borders on Weissenbach over a length of about 300 meters, while Gießhübl lost the common border with Kaltenleutgabe.
climate
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Average monthly temperatures for Hinterbrühl
Source: Klima.org
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history
The area was populated as early as 6000 years ago, as is shown by finds on the Kalenderberg and in Wassergspreng. A Hinterbrühler with the name Gerungus de průle is mentioned for the first time around 1182 . The name stands for brüel 'meadow, forest' or 'wetland'.
Like the rest of the area, Hinterbrühl suffered from the two Turkish sieges in 1529 and 1683. Since a large part of the population was killed or deported, the place was settled with settlers from Styria .
Under the influence of Prince Johann I von und zu Liechtenstein , the whole area was transformed into a romantic nature park with many artificial ruins from Mödling to Sparbach.
In the Biedermeier period up to the first quarter of the 20th century, Hinterbrühl was a popular place to stay for artists such as Franz Schubert , Ludwig van Beethoven , Ferdinand Raimund , Johann Nestroy , Ferdinand Georg Waldmüller and Alois Arnegger and experienced a steady upswing towards the popular summer freshness.
In the summer of 1850, municipal council elections were held for the first time in Hinterbrühl . In 1883 was of Mödling from the local railway Mödling-Hinterbrühl first Austrian electrical local and tram opened first to Vorderbrühl and 1885 extended to Hinterbrühl. Operations ceased on March 31, 1932. Only the railway station, where the terminus was located, and partly the railway embankment along the Mödlingbach in Parkstrasse remained.
After the annexation of Austria in 1938, the place in Greater Vienna was incorporated into the 24th district. It was not until 1954 that the place became independent again and fell back to Lower Austria.
On August 4, 1943, was in Hinterbrühl satellite camp of Mauthausen concentration camp built in which political prisoners from all over Europe in the Seegrotte on behalf of the Heinkel works underground warplanes for the Wehrmacht in forced labor had finished. In the last days of the war in 1945, the Nazi leadership dissolved the satellite camp. A total of 1,884 men were sent on a day-long death march to Mauthausen, which 204 prisoners did not survive. 51 prisoners were killed with gasoline injections or strangled by SS members and thrown into a mass grave before they left .
In 1988 a memorial was erected above the Seegrotte - at the place where the mass grave of the 51 killed forced laborers was previously located . In July 2000 and January 2004 it was damaged and partially destroyed by unknown perpetrators.
In 2007, two stumbling blocks were laid for Karl von Motesiczky (in front of the former house in what is now the SOS Children's Village) and Eduard Göth , who lost their lives in the resistance against the Nazi regime.
Population development
Incorporations
In 1971, as part of the Lower Austrian community reform, the then independent, but much smaller communities of Weissenbach with the Rotte Wassergspreng and Sparbach were incorporated.
coat of arms
“In a shield divided by gold over red in the lower field a silver cauldron standing on black wood and surrounded by red flames, from which a youthful male naked and white apron grows with crossed arms and a nimbus, accompanied by the black ones, protruding into the upper field Letters S and V "
This figure is the local patron St. Vitus , who was patron saint of the former Hinterbrühler church together with St. Margaret as early as 1735 . The Hindtern Priell community had Saint Vitus in its seal as early as 1703 and is also in today's community seal.
politics
Municipal council after the municipal council election 2020 :
Mayor is Erich Moser (ÖVP), Deputy Mayor is Ulrike Götterer (ÖVP)
Culture and sights
- Seegrotte Hinterbrühl: In 1912, after a blast in what was then the Hinterbrühl gypsum mine, more than 20 million liters of water poured into the tunnels and tunnels with tremendous force. This collapse formed the largest underground lake in Europe with an area of 6200 m². The mine remained closeduntil this natural spectacle was discovered by international speleologists in the 1930s. It was decided toset upa show mine . During the Second World War , the Nazi regime confiscated the Seegrotte to set up an armaments factory. In 2004, five people died in the Seegrotte show mine after a converted catamaran capsized with a German tour group on board.
- Römerwand : artificial ruin on the Halterkogel; built in 1826 under the influence of Prince Johann I von und zu Liechtenstein under the master builder Josef Kornhäusl .
- Vitus relief : The oldest public work of art is a Vitus relief on the outside of the music school. According to Dehio, it datesfrom the middle of the 16th century. In front of the current location, it was in the former Villa Todesco on the sports field of the SOS Children's Village , where Henriette Motesiczky, the mother of Marie-Louise and Karl Motesiczky , lived.
- Höldrichsmühle: Also known is the Höldrichsmühle , where, according to legend, Franz Schubert was inspired to write his song Am Brunnen vor dem Tore . The fact that the painter Ferdinand Georg Waldmüller had chosen the Höldrichsmühle for three of his paintings, the Höldrichsmühle, contributed to the Lower Austrian State Exhibition dedicated to Waldmüller taking place in the Höldrichsmühle in 1965 .
Nearby excursion destinations include the Sparbach Nature Park and the Hussar Temple . The Castle Liechtenstein is very close.
education
- Elementary school
- General special school and elementary school for children with speech disorders, named after Hermann Gmeiner .
- State special school , named after Erwin Schmuttermeier, the founder of the curative educational observation station at the State Clinic Thermenregion Mödling
- Interest-oriented middle school (until 2009 Hauptschule for the communities Hinterbrühl with the SOS Children's Village , Gaaden, Wienerwald)
- Franz Schubert Music School, which is run jointly with the communities of Gaaden and Wienerwald .
economy
Due to its proximity to the metropolitan area of Vienna, the place is purely a residential community , where a large proportion of the residents also have second homes and commute daily. The few businesses are mainly office businesses. The municipality's tax revenue is correspondingly low.
The buildings in Hinterbrühl stand on rocks in which there are gypsum deposits. The groundwater can lead to leaching and the formation of cavities. At the end of January 2017, a construction ban was imposed on large parts of Hinterbrühl on the basis of a geological report. In the future, a geological report must be submitted for construction processes, which confirms the load-bearing capacity of the subsoil. This is based on a study by the regional geology of the state of Lower Austria and on several information from the East Mining Authority, which is responsible for the Seegrotte.
traffic
The Vienna outer ring motorway A21 runs northwest of Hinterbrühl . The federal road 11 leads past the town center. The most important thoroughfare coming from the northeast is the L 152, which is numbered L 2094 in the further course towards Mödling. Public transport is the ÖBB bus with a connection to Mödling .
Personalities
Sons and daughters:
- Ludwig Vogler (1850–1923), lawyer and politician
- Dora Teleky (1879–1963), gynecologist and urologist, born in Hinterbrühl
- Oskar Karlweis (1894–1956), actor
- Adalbert Duschk (1895–1957), mathematician and politician
- Heinrich Schnitzler (1902–1982), son of Arthur Schnitzler , actor and director, born in Hinterbrühl
- Erich Spindelegger (1919–2014), politician, lived in Hinterbrühl
- Michael Spindelegger (* 1959), former politician, lives in Hinterbrühl, where he grew up
People related to the place:
- Franz Ritter von Grutsch (1810–1882), author and founder of the Francisco Josephinum in Wieselburg, lived in Hinterbrühl and was the first mayor of the market town, buried in Hinterbrühl
- Franz Jantsch (1909–2006), pastor for many years
- Ferdinand Manndorff (1922–2013), politician
- Heinz Nussbaumer (* 1943), journalist
- Robert Prantner (1931-2010), theologian, social ethicist and publicist, lived in Hinterbrühl, where he also died.
- I Stangl (* 1954), Austrian actor and cabaret artist, grew up in Hinterbrühl
- Harald Cerny (* 1973), former Austrian football player
Many well-known personalities stayed in Hinterbrühl during the summer :
- Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827), German composer
- Ferdinand Georg Waldmüller (1793–1865), Austrian painter of the Biedermeier period, who died here in the former Helmstreitmühle. He found numerous motifs for his pictures in the area. A Lower Austrian provincial exhibition was also held here in 1965 .
- Franz Schubert (1797–1828), Austrian composer who is said to have composed his song Am Brunnen vor dem Tore in the Höldrichsmühle .
- Gustav Mahler (1860–1911), Austrian composer, spent the summer of 1890 in Hinterbrühl.
Web links
- 31712 - Hinterbrühl. Community data, Statistics Austria .
- Market town of Hinterbrühl
- Entry on Hinterbrühl in the Austria Forum (in the AEIOU Austria Lexicon )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Statistics Austria: Population on January 1st, 2020 by locality (area status on January 1st, 2020) , ( CSV )
- ^ All Tirolerhofers are now "compatriots" in the NÖN week 04/2012 page 23
- ↑ Hinterbrühl parish , accessed on April 13, 2015.
- ↑ The market town of Hinterbrühl invites you. Marie-Louise von Motesiczky Charitable Trust, August 1, 2007, archived from the original on April 25, 2010 ; accessed on November 28, 2015 .
- ↑ a b The Hinterbrühler. Periodical newspaper issue September 2008.
- ↑ Results of the local council election 2020 in Hinterbrühl. Office of the Lower Austrian state government, January 26, 2020, accessed on February 9, 2020 .
- ↑ Announcement of the community, number: 256/17. (PDF; 56.6 KB) Building block regulation in zones 1 and 2 according to § 35 Lower Austrian Regional Planning Act 2014. January 31, 2017, accessed on March 6, 2019 .
- ↑ plaster: building ban in Hinterbrühl. In: The Hinterbrühler. Year 2017, Issue 1, p. 9. Letter from the Mayor. P. 3.