Bruehl (toponym)

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Brühl is an old word for meadows , forests or wetlands in toponyms .

Presumably it was originally an early medieval economy.

Word origin and meaning

The word comes from the Gallo-Roman broilus , also prolius or brogilus , respectively broilum , in a basic meaning '[delimited] piece of land', especially meadows or forest. It is probably derived from a Celtic * brog [i] 'territory, area, border, borderland' ( Irish mruig, bruig , Welsh , Cornish, Breton bro ). A possible Indo-European root * mereg̑-, * morg̑-, * mrg̑- should be shared with Mark . The word has also spread in the Romance languages ​​( Italian brolo, bri [g] lio , tree, kitchen garden, park ', French breuil , fenced bushes, forest').

The expression was presumably adopted by the Franks , in early Latin texts it can be found as a foreign word or as a vernacular explicitly paraphrased (as in the Capitulare de villes Charlemagne, around 800: “ locos nostros, quos vulgus progilos vocat ”, our Places that the people call Brühle '). The doctrine goes back to Viktor Ernst that originally it is about the parcels of an economic system that preceded the Zelgen and three-field economy.

In the Middle Ages, it was typically used to designate enclosed or fenced pastures , forests , gardens and the like. The word appears particularly in legal texts, and consistently with stately property and privileges connected as flurzwang , Zehentfreiheit or co-operative grazing rights. It is often found in connection with manor estates , Meierhöfen , Fronhöfe , noble household , monastery property or foundations , or for properties in the vicinity of the villages. A secondary meaning is likely up to the gate for wild game , so animal enclosure (Tiergarten) , go.

A secondary meaning, however, is 'moist land' in various forms, from ' wet meadow ' to ' floodplain ', bushy wetland, or ' swamp ' (as with Hans Sachs, after Adelung ) to ' quelltümpel ' (Tyrol), and you can also find outdated Dutch breugel . The connection is unclear and the subject of long linguistic discussion; it may lead to forms of irrigation or, conversely, reclamation through drainage , for which areas have been reserved.

The word as such became extinct in the German vocabulary in the course of the early modern period, it is still found in dialect into the 19th century. However, it has been preserved - spread over the whole of Western and Central Europe and in the entire field of meaning - in field and settlement names.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Albert L. Lloyd, Otto Springer, Rosemarie Lühr, Karen K. Purdy: Etymological Dictionary of Old High German , Volume 2, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1988, brüel , p. 368 ff ( limited preview in the Google book search ).
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Brüel. In: Schweizerisches Idiotikon , 1881 ff, V 594 (online ortsnames.ch).
  3. ↑ a b c d Brühl. In: German legal dictionary (drw-www.adw.uni-heidelberg.de).
  4. ↑ a b c d comp. WFH Rabwald: On an essay ... concerning a few words in the Capitulare de villes. In: Allgemeine Litterarischer Anzeiger CLXXI, October 29, 1798, Brogilum , p. 1763 f (full article p. 1761–1764; digitized version , Google, full view ).
  5. ↑ Friedrich Kluge: Etymological Dictionary of the German Language (6th edition, Verlag Walter de Gruyter, 2011, p. 59, column 2; limited preview in the Google book search).
  6. ↑ a b Schatz: Dictionary of Tyrolean Dialects , p. 133; Specification according to ops.cit. Lloyd et al .: Etymological Dictionary 1988, p. 270, last paragraph of the entry; there also other dialectal sources.
  7. ^ Jan De Vries: Nederlands Etymologische Woordenboek (new edition Verlag Brill, 1987, p. 86; limited preview in the Google book search).
  8. ^ Heinrich Dittmaier: Brühl, Bruch, Bracht. In: Journal for German Antiquity and German Literature. 84. Vol. 2 (1952), pp. 174-178 (online JSTOR ).
  9. ↑ A connection with Priel 'Wasserlauf [in the Watt]' is possible, since Brühl can also be found in today's form Priel ; Compare with meanings of the place names in Lavanttal . lovntol.at; Entry creek .