Zelge
As Zelge or Zelg (also Zelch , from Old High German zelgen "column, plowing, disconnect") was originally referred to a forked branch, which was suitable for plowing, then the pflügbare piece of land and the time of the three-field system, the separated from the surrounding Weidlflur, with a fence enclosed (enclosed) grain field. Up until the beginning of the 20th century, it was used to designate the parcels of agricultural land in a settlement. Zelgenwirtschaft describes the cultivation on the ground.
The medieval three-field economy (Dreizelgenwirtschaft) divided the economic land around a place into three Zelgen ('areas', also called cell , corridor or field ), each of which was cultivated alternately with summer and winter grain and then lay fallow for a year ( fallow ). Each farm in the village (including march comrade ) originally had an approximately equal share of the arable area ( tub ) on each of these three tents . Everyone had their share through all three cells, which should basically guarantee an approximately equally high yield from each type of fruit.
Flurzwang prevailed within the respective tent . Part of the Flurzwang was that each plot owner had to cede land for the field paths to the general public in the course of the development of the Zelge, if necessary for everyone. Each manager of his part of the Zelge had to adhere to the agreed crop rotation and the harvest dates in order to avoid damage to the fields , as there were no field paths within the assigned parcel of the Zelge (unless these were created by and for the general public). Before the sowing and after the harvest, the arable land of the Zelge was used again together.
Violations of the Flurzwang were the main part of the offenses that the village courts had to deal with until the 19th century . There were also strict fines and high penalties.
Because in a village any Zelge of plots composed of numerous owners who with the same fruit was built, the villagers had in their management work together because the plots were only partially developed by self [ways. A rational land use was only possible with a joint and considerate cultivation. Every farmer therefore had to accept restrictions (see e.g. the right to step , the right to stand up , etc. so that the fields could be cultivated to the edge).
See also
Web links
- Albert Schnyder: Zelgensysteme. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
Individual evidence
- ^ Alfred Helfenstein: The name of the Pilatus area. Keller & Co AG, Lucerne 1982, ISBN 3-85766-004-X , p. 51.
- ↑ a b Zelgenwirtschaft. In: Lexicon of Geography , Spektrum.de.