GBS Berolina car
| Old Berolina, New Berolina | |
|---|---|
 Railcar 40 of the West Berlin suburban railway in the Monumentenhalle, 2018
|
|
| Numbering: | see vehicle overview |
| Number: | see vehicle overview |
| Manufacturer: | various |
| Year of construction (s): | 1898-1903 |
| Retirement: | until 1930 |
| Axis formula : | Bo |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Length: | 9,800 mm (car body) |
| Height: | 3,350 mm |
| Width: | 2,050 mm |
| Fixed wheelbase: | 1,800 mm |
| Empty mass: | 10.0 t |
| Hourly output : | 56 kW |
| Power system : | 550 V DC |
| Power transmission: | Overhead line |
| Number of traction motors: | 2 |
| Brake: |
Compressed air brake (101 trolleys) , el.brake (others) |
| Seats: | 20th |
A series of more than 900 two-axle tramcars , which were procured between 1898 and 1903 by the Great Berlin Tram (GBS) and its subsidiaries, is called the Berolina car . The name can be traced back to the used chassis of the types Old Berolina and New Berolina . Cars with the same chassis, but sometimes with different superstructures, also operated with other Berlin tram companies and in Dresden and Breslau (Wrocław), among others .
development
From 1896 the Great Berlin Horse Railway, which from 1898 traded as the Great Berlin Tram, began electrifying its route network on the occasion of the Berlin trade fair . In addition to the four-axle Brandenburg type railcars for mixed operation with overhead contact lines and accumulators, GBS purchased larger numbers of the Berolina type two-axle railcars from 1898.
The first series of 136 railcars was followed by further delivery series with slightly modified chassis from 1899. To distinguish them, these were called New Berolina , the older ones logically as Old Berolina . In the car body, on the other hand, up to 15 different types can be identified, the differences between which are, among other things, the width of the ladders to the car roof, the presence of a pile driver at the car ends or the car body height. What they all have in common is the window division long-short-long and the 20 longitudinal seats inside. 101 cars were equipped with compressed air brakes, the rest received an electric brake. By 1903, a total of over 840 railcars had been delivered to GBS.
From 1917, various wagons were used to transport mail on the part of the Berlin Post Tram . For this purpose, wagons with compressed air brakes were used; if necessary, these were retrofitted, as sidecars had to be transported here. The side windows were initially protected by signs and later replaced by sheet metal. The paintwork was temporarily retained and changed to gray from 1922, and from 1925 to gray with yellow decorations. After the post tram traffic was discontinued in 1935, some of the wagons were transferred to the stock of work cars, the remaining wagons were decommissioned.
At the beginning of the 1920s, 200 cars were extensively converted in which the chassis was replaced and the platforms were enlarged; later the traction motors were replaced by more powerful models. These conversion cars, continued as type U3l , were still in use until 1934. The remaining Berolina wagons were withdrawn from passenger traffic between 1924 and 1930, and the majority continued to serve as work, mail or auxiliary equipment wagons until some of the 1970s. A railcar was converted in 1987 as a historic vehicle from the auxiliary equipment vehicle H26 II (ex BSt 3642, ex GBS 2082) and received its historic vehicle number again. The railcar is currently available for exhibition by the Berlin Heritage Preservation Association . Also preserved are the railcar 40 of the Western Berlin suburban railway , which is in the monument hall of the German Museum of Technology , as well as two conversion cars.
Vehicle overview
A total of at least 954 Berolina railcars were delivered. Of these, 17 railcars went to the Berlin-Charlottenburg tram , 59 railcars to the West Berlin suburban railway , 30 railcars to the southern Berlin suburban railway , four multiple units to the northeastern Berlin suburban railway and the rest to the large Berlin tram. After the merger of the Berlin tram companies to form the Berlin tram, they were given car numbers in the range from 3064 to 4080 (with interruptions). In addition, there is an unknown number of conversions that also had Berolina chassis.
| Years of construction | Manufacturer (mech. / El.) |
business | Numbers (up to 1920) |
Numbers (from 1920) |
Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1898-1899 | ? / AEG | GBS | 1370-1505 | 3064-3199 | |
| 1899 | ? / AEG | GBS | 1506-1569 | 3267-3330 | |
| 1900 | ? /? | GBS | 1740-1751, 1753-1769 | 3200-3228 | ex accumulator railcar |
| 1900 | ? / AEG | GBS | 1752, 1770-1929 | 3331-3491 | |
| 1900-1901 | ? / AEG | GBS | 1930-2079, 2081-2180 | 3492-3739, 3879 | one car before 1920 retired after an accident |
| 1901-1903 | ? / AEG | GBS | 2231-2431 | 3880-4080 | |
| 1902 | ? / AEG | BCS | 292-306 | 3802-3816 | |
| 1897-1901 | Böker / AEG | WBV | 1-41, 43-62 | 3229-3232, 3817-3871 | |
| 1899 | ? / AEG | SBV | 1-30 | 3233-3262 | |
| 1901 | ? / AEG | NöBV | 6-9 | 3873-3876 |
literature
- Berolina railcar . In: Berliner Verkehrsblätter . Issue 12, 1957.
Web links
- Railcar 2082 of the Great Berlin Tram. Monument Preservation Association Berlin, September 28, 2009, accessed on December 18, 2011 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Berolina railcar . 1957, p. 12 .
- ^ A b c collective of authors: Tram Archive 5. Berlin and the surrounding area . transpress, Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-344-00172-8 , pp. 84-90 .
- ^ Siegfried Münzinger: Post tram in Berlin . In: Berliner Verkehrsblätter . Volume 5, 1965, pp. 57-60 .
- ^ Siegfried Münzinger: Tram profile. Episode 5 . In: Berliner Verkehrsblätter . Volume 5, 1975, pp. 83 .
- ^ Monument Preservation Association Berlin Local Transport (ed.): Historical local transport vehicles. Berlin and Brandenburg . GVE, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-89218-027-X , p. 16 .
- ↑ The fleet of the “Berliner Straßenbahn” . In: Berliner Verkehrsblätter . Issue 11, 1968, pp. 152-162 .