Ganggangullae
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| Korean spelling | |
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| Korean alphabet : | 강강술래 |
| Revised Romanization : | Ganggangullae |
| McCune-Reischauer : | Kangkangsullae |
Ganggangullae ( Korean : 강강술래 ) is a traditional, ritual Korean dance with singing, which was originally danced for Chuseok ( 추석 ), the Korean harvest festival.
history
Ganggangsullae comes from the coastal regions of Jeollanam-do Province ( 전라남도 ), the southwest of South Korea , whereby the island of Jindo ( 진도 ) must be mentioned in particular .
The temporal and cultural origin of the ritual dance is not exactly known. The earliest mention of the dance can be found in the Chinese Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi), in which Mahan ( 마한 ), one of the three Han "confederations", reports that after the harvest, villagers danced in circles holding hands stamped their feet on the ground and swayed their upper body rhythmically back and forth. This means that the origin of dance can be dated back over 2000 years.
Another historical background that people like to tell is about the Korean admiral Yi Sun-sin ( 이순신 ), who in the late 16th century, in order to suggest to the Japanese invaders that a large army was ready for defense, women disguised themselves as men singing loudly on the slopes of Jindo Island dancing Ganggangsullae. The story could support the Chinese interpretation of the name Ganggangsullae, written in Chinese characters, which would mean “strong barbarians cross the sea”.
Another meaning of the name could be derived from the Jeolla dialect spoken in southwest South Korea. According to this interpretation, 'ganggang' would mean circle or surrounding area and 'sullae' derived from 'sulla', interpreted as patrol or patrol.
In 1966 Ganggangsullae was recognized by the Korean government as an important cultural asset of the country and registered under number eight.
At the closing event of the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul , Ganggangsullae was presented to a large global audience for the first time.
performance
In the full moon night of the eighth moon in the year, unmarried, in congregate Hanbok dressed women of a village and start each other, holding hands in versartig vorgetragenem singing her dance in a circle. The lead singer sings the verses and everyone sings 'ganggangsullae' in the chorus. The dancing and singing begin leisurely and increase in speed during the performance. There are three different speeds, 'jinyangio' (slow), 'jungmori' (medium) and 'jajinmori' (fast). The women dance different figures in a circle in groups, their performance appearing as pantomime. The dancing figures should reflect life on a farm or in a fishing village. After the circle dance, figurative representations such as playing turtles, hanging pegs and hanging off again, collecting ferns, rolling and unrolling straw mats, walking on roof tiles, opening doors and catching the mouse are danced one after the other.
Ganggangsullae today
Ganggangsullae is now known all over Korea and beyond the country's borders. Mostly middle-aged women interested in cultivating this culture perform the dance. The performances are mostly accompanied by drum players who use traditional instruments such as buk ( 북 ) and janggu ( 장구 ).
In some parts of the country, Ganggangsullae is taught to children in primary school. The fact that dance is very popular in South Korea shows that fathers and mothers and their children like to join the circle at festivals and enjoy the dance together.
Intangible cultural heritage from humanity
In 2008, the Korean government applied to UNESCO for recognition of the Ganggangsullae as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity . The decision-making committee approved this at its fourth meeting from September 28th to October 2nd in Abu Dhabi , United Arab Emirates .
literature
- Lee E-Wha : Korea's Pastimes and Customs . A social history . Homa & Sekey Books , Paramus, NJ 2005, ISBN 978-1-931907-38-5 (English).
Web links
- Ganggangullae . UNESCO,accessed February 13, 2016.
- Ganggangullae . (Youtube Video 10:06 min)Korean Cultural Heritage Administration, August 2008,accessed on February 13, 2016(English, The film was produced by theKorean Cultural Heritage Administrationfor nomination as the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO.).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Kim Tae-ik : The Circle Dance Ganggangsullae . Korea Focus , October 2, 2009, accessed February 13, 2016 .
- ↑ a b c Nomination for Inscription on the Representative List in 2009 (Reference No. 00188) . (DOC 168 kB) UNESCO , accessed on February 13, 2016 (English).
- ↑ Lee : Korea's Pastimes and Customs . 2005, p. 82 .
- ↑ a b c passage ullae . UNESCO , accessed February 13, 2016 .
- ↑ Lee : Korea's Pastimes and Customs . 2005, p. 82 .
- ↑ UNESCO Treasures in Korea . Korea Net , accessed February 13, 2016 .