Gaussian main position
In a vibration magnetometer , a magnet is suspended in such a way that it can align itself in the direction of a homogeneous magnetic field. The product of its magnetic moment and the magnetic field strength can be determined from the oscillation period of the magnet .
The relationship between the magnet's magnetic moment and the field strength is usually measured by positioning a second magnet in either the 1st or 2nd main Gaussian position. The resulting deflection of the first magnet is then measured. The second magnet is rotated by 90 ° compared to the first magnet. If it is exactly laterally to the longitudinal direction of the first magnet, it is in the 1st main Gaussian position, if it is exactly in the extension of the longitudinal axis, it is in the 2nd Gaussian main position.
The magnetic field strength can be determined absolutely from both quantities.