Gneiss-2

Gneiss-2
General
Country of origin	Soviet Union
Manufacturer	NII 20 / factory 339
Production period	1942 to?
Units produced	> 230
Technical specifications:
Frequency band	200 MHz
Min. Range	300 m
Max. Range	3.5 km
Top performance	10 kW
Horizontal detection area	120 °
Vertical detection area	90 °

The Gneis-2 ( Russian Гнейс-2 ) was the first serial Soviet on- board radar for aircraft. It was installed on Pe-2 , Pe-3 and A-20 aircraft during World War II .

history

Development work on an aircraft radar began during the Soviet-Finnish War . At the beginning of 1941, the prototype Gneiss-1 was completed, which worked with 16 cm wavelength and 1.8 GHz. The evacuation of the research institute NII 9 to Moscow in July 1941 interrupted the work. As the availability of the special reflex klystron was questionable, the project was discontinued.

The research work was carried out by the research institute NII 20. The tests began in spring 1942 and were successfully completed in July 1942. It was first used in the autumn of 1942 off Moscow . It was also used for night hunting .

In 1943 the improved version Gneis-2M followed , which could also recognize ships.

literature

• Raymond C. Watson: Radar Origins Worldwide: History of Its Evolution in 13 Nations Through World War II . Trafford Publishing 2009, p. 305 f.