Gothic house (Brandenburg an der Havel)
The Gothic House in the historic center of the city of Brandenburg an der Havel is an almost originating in original buildings from 1452 building with the address Knight Road 86. It is one of the very few architectural testimonies of urban, not stately secular way in the brick building of the Mark Brandenburg of 15th century.
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description
The cubature of the Gothic House comprises two separate parts of the building that were only brought together under one roof after 1724. It is located on the eaves of the old main route that has linked the two cities of Brandenburg with each other since the Middle Ages. The property belonging to him, which was numbered 152 and 153 on the Hedemann cadastre of the two cities of Brandenburg from 1722 to 1724, borders on Johanniskirchplatz. The building is therefore exactly 77 m north of the choir of the Johanniskirche . The floor plan of the preserved building is 13.5 × 10 m. The walls, which are between 80 cm and one meter thick, made of red brick in the monastery format and are built over two floors, are characterized by an extraordinary care in the processing of the building material. Pointed and round-arched niches inside and outside decorate the room and helped the unknown builder save bricks. The basement, which stretched under an annex in the southwest that had not existed since 1986, was founded up to four meters below street level and impresses with its dryness despite its proximity to the Havel , which flows only 81 m away in the south. It should be noted that at the time of its construction the Gothic House dominated the entrance to the city of Brandenburg from the Long Bridge (today Millennium Bridge) and was the first house behind the gate system in the western area of Ritterstraße. The cellars are solidly bricked and barrel vaulted.
A special feature of the basement floor is not only its layered structure, but also the use of ceramic pots placed side by side, with the bottom facing upwards, which have a square cross-section at the opening but a round one at the bottom. These pots from the time the house was built were used, among other things, to insulate the basement floor.
In terms of building history, it can be proven that the building was erected in one go without interruption, probably within a year. A hall-like room with an area of almost 100 square meters was found on the ground floor, the use of which is currently completely unclear. This room makes the building a rarity. He allows the assumption that the house, whose builder is most likely a patrician , had at least a partial public. The building, which has undergone two significant renovation phases in its history, had to accept a lowering of the originally 30 cm higher ceiling of the ground floor with the first renovation and was spatially more strongly divided by the insertion of partition walls. On the upper floor there are ceiling beams from the construction year of the Gothic House, 1452, which were decorated with simple star decorations.
The attic was probably never used as a storage facility, as no cargo hatches can be detected. The roof is supported by an artistically and statically thought-out original roof structure from 1452. This is where the axis on which the two different houses - the north-western one was originally a half-timbered building - were joined can be most clearly demonstrated . The roof structures retained their independence and special construction and only got a common roof skin . The roof structure of the Gothic House is designed for pressure and tensile loads. The beams and rafters were likely singed to prevent pest infestation. This protective measure is still effective today and ensured that the roof structure was in an excellent state of preservation. The consecutive numbering in line form of the individual support beams is still easy to read after 560 years. The Gothic house is covered by a gable roof.
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In the second phase of renovation around 1870, the house was converted into a residential and rental property and numerous walls were drawn in. The rich, late classical facade, accompanied by swan and flower motifs in relief fields, dates from this time.
The cultural and historical value of the building was only recognized in 1986 after layers of plaster were exposed. Since then, the splendid south-east gable with its three round panels and the window reveals that can still be seen in the beginning has been an excellent representative of medieval Brandenburg brick construction. In the round panels and the stone-faced façade, which has been upgraded with incised joints, color schemes from the time of construction can still be traced. In this way, the original decoration of the round panels with colorful plaster scratches can be reconstructed without a doubt. The display gable, as it was presumably clearly visible in the medieval city layout as far as the town hall of the Neustadt Brandenburg , evidently had demonstrative functions that can be explained by the competitive relationship between the two cities of Brandenburg.
The main house (Hedemann 152) had first class brewing rights .
use
The original use of the house cannot currently be defined in terms of the source or building history. Later, the Gothic House was used as a radio repair shop "Radio-Pax", later by the Carl Stein shipping company.
The city of Brandenburg an der Havel acquired the Gothic House and the property belonging to it. She commissioned the Berlin-Brandenburg architect, building historian and monument protector Carsten Westphal to secure and repair the valuable structure. The restoration should be completed by April 30, 2015. The total costs will amount to around 1.5 million euros. It is planned that the ground floor will be used as a museum and that areas of the city administration will be located on the upper floor.
literature
- Marcus Cante: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany, monuments in Brandenburg, city of Brandenburg an der Havel. Volume 1.1 Dominsel-Altstadt-Neustadt, Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft Worms am Rhein 1994, p. 209 f. ISBN 3-88462-105-X
- Monuments in Berlin and in the Mark Brandenburg. Their maintenance and care in the capital of the GDR and in the districts of Frankfurt / Oder and Potsdam. Developed at the Institute for Monument Preservation, Berlin Office, Weimar 1987
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Marcus Cante, Monument Topography Federal Republic of Germany, Monuments in Brandenburg, City of Brandenburg an der Havel, Volume 1.1 Dominsel-Altstadt-Neustadt, Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft Worms am Rhein 1994, ISBN 3-88462-105-X
- ↑ http://www.maz-online.de/Lokales/Brandenburg-Havel/Millionen-fuer-ein-altes-Haus
- ^ Statements by the architect, building historian and monument protector Prof. Carsten Westphal, Berlin, who is entrusted with the reconstruction of the Gothic House. As of September 2012
Coordinates: 52 ° 24 ′ 44 ″ N , 12 ° 33 ′ 18 ″ E