God peasantry

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The God-Building ( Russian Богостроительство / Bogostroitelstwo , Wiss. Transliteration Bogostroitel'stvo ) is a philosophical flow of Russian Marxism .

The god peasantry was developed by Russian writers in the first decade of the 20th century . The aim was a new worldview that would unite religious ideas (especially those of Christianity ) with those of Marxism. God should not be considered transcendent beings wanted to be, but from the force of the human community built are. The god peasantry was seen as an interpretation of Marxist philosophy in a religious way. His most important representatives in the ranks of the Russian social democracy were Anatoly Wassiljewitsch Lunatscharski and Vladimir Alexandrowitsch Basarow , as well as the writers Maxim Gorki and Alexander Alexandrowitsch Bogdanow .

In a gloss for the French magazine Mercure de France, Maxim Gorki represented the position of the god-builders against Georgi Plekhanov , who took the position that religion had no future and would disappear in a socialist society. Anatoly Lunacharsky published in 1908 a two-volume treatise on god farming under the title "Religion and Socialism " (Religija i Sozialism) . Gorky dealt with the subject in his novel " A Confession " (Ispoved) and was sharply criticized for it by his friend Lenin .

From the point of view of the Bolsheviks , god-peasantry was seen as a wrong track and a deviation from the party line. For some of the god-builders, their teaching was merely a means of making the idea of ​​socialism accessible to the deeply religious Russian people.

literature

Primary literature

  • Mercure de France , No. 233, T. LXVI, Mars-Avril 1907, pp. 592-595, 617-619. (Contributions by Gorky and Plekhanov to the discussion on the importance of religion)
  • Анатолий Луначарский: Религия и социализм . Сповник, Санкт-Петербург 1908.
  • Maxim Gorki: Eine Beichte (Original title: Ispovedj , translated by August Scholz), Roman, Aufbau Verlag , Berlin 1952, DNB 451620038 .

Secondary literature

  • Krisztina Mänicke-Gyöngyösi: “Proletarian Science” and “Socialist Human Religion ” as models of proletarian culture. On the left Bolshevik theory of revolution by AA Bogdanov and AV Lunačarskij (= Philosophical and Sociological Publications , Volume 19). Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1982, ISBN 3-447-02251-5 ( dissertation FU Berlin 1981).
  • Raimund Sesterhenn: The Bogostroitel'stvo at Gor'kij and Lunačarskij until 1909. On the ideological and literary prehistory of the party school in Capri (= Slavic contributions , volume 158). Sagner, Munich 1982, ISBN 3-87690-240-1 ( dissertation University of Freiburg im Breisgau 1981). Available online