Great stone grave Onnen

Great stone grave Onnen Hunebed G4
Presumed location of the large stone grave G4 near Onnen
Coordinates	53 ° 9 '2.8 "  N , 6 ° 38' 23.4"  E Coordinates: 53 ° 9 '2.8 "  N , 6 ° 38' 23.4"  E
place	Groningen , OT Onnen , Groningen , The Netherlands
Emergence	3470 to 2760 BC Chr.
van Giffen no.	G4

The Great Stone Grave Onnen (also called Great Stone Grave Onner Es ) was a megalithic grave complex of the Neolithic western group of the funnel beaker culture near Onnen , a district of Groningen in the Dutch province of Groningen . It was probably destroyed in the early 18th century at the latest. Its remains may have been discovered in 1966, but archaeological investigations between 2011 and 2014 did not produce a clear result. The grave bears the Van Giffen numbers G4.

location

The exact location of the grave is not known, but it is believed to be in a field south of Onnen. The two destroyed megalithic graves were located 2 km south of Glimmen (G2 and G3).

Research history

When exactly the grave was destroyed is unclear. It was first mentioned in 1711 by Ludolf Smids . It is not clear from this mention whether it was still completely or only partially preserved. Since the grave is missing in later publications and maps, it is likely to have been completely removed in the early 18th century. Esther Scheele suspects that his stones, together with those of the neighboring facilities in Glimmen, were used to build the Sint-Walburgkerk in Groningen in the Middle Ages and that only remains of the grave were preserved at the original location in 1711. The presumed location could be narrowed down by the traditional field names “Steenakker” (Steinacker), “Steenbergen” (Steinbergen) and “Steenbergerveen” (Steinbergermoor). 1966 came in January Evert Musch at a field inspection on a conspicuous concentration of granite - Grus . During an investigation using georadar in 2011, a pit was discovered that was initially viewed as a possible remnant of the burial chamber of a large stone grave . However, a subsequent excavation in 2012 revealed that the pit was of natural origin. Several drillings in the area in 2014 revealed additional traces of granite gravel.

description

Smids only mentioned “eene steenhoop van gemeenen trant” (a pile of stones of the usual variety). Conclusions on the type and size of the system are not possible based on this information.

Finds

Musch found at the presumed site of the tomb of him some ceramic fragments of the Funnel Beaker culture as well as a cross-bladed arrowhead and a fragment of a flint - ax .

literature

• Jan Albert Bakker : A list of the extant and formerly present hunebedden in the Netherlands. In: Palaeohistoria. Volume 30, 1988, pp. 63-72 ( online ).
• Jan Albert Bakker: The Dutch Hunebedden. Megalithic Tombs of the Funnel Beaker Culture. International Monographs in Prehistory, Ann Arbor 1992, ISBN 1-87962-102-9 .
• Jan Albert Bakker: Megalithic Research in the Netherlands, 1547-1911. From 'Giant's Beds' and 'Pillars of Hercules' to accurate investigations. Sidestone Press, Leiden 2010, ISBN 9789088900341 , p. 204 ( online version ).
• Evert van Ginkel , Sake Jager, Wijnand van der Sanden: Hunebedden. Monuments van een steentijdcultuur. Uniepers, Abcoude 1999, ISBN 978-9068252026 , p. 194.
• Henny Groenendijk: De herontdekking van het hunebed op de Onner es. In: Historically jaarboek Groningen. 2014. p. 138.
• Esther Scheele: De zoektocht naar G4 / The search for G4. 2012 ( online ).

Web links

• The Megalithic Portal: G4 Onner Es
• hunebeddeninfo.nl: G4 / Onnen (Onneres), gemeente Haren

Individual evidence

1. ^ Anna L. Brindley : The typochronology of TRB West Group pottery. In: Palaeohistoria. Volume 28, 1986, pp. 93-132 ( online ). Annual figures corrected according to Moritz Mennenga : Between Elbe and Ems. The settlements of the funnel beaker culture in northwest Germany (= early monumentality and social differentiation. Volume 13). Habelt, Bonn 2017, ISBN 978-3-7749-4118-2 , p. 93 ( online ).