Groundwater recharge

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Groundwater recharge is a method of artificially increasing the amount of groundwater for the purpose of (drinking) water extraction .

Surface water is fed into the groundwater via infiltration systems . Infiltration wells, infiltration shafts, infiltration basins, infiltration troughs, infiltration ditches and similar systems come into consideration.

Groundwater recharge is mostly used when the natural amount of groundwater would not be sufficient to meet the water demand.

Bank filtration is to be distinguished from groundwater recharge .

On a large scale this method is used e.g. B. in the Hessian Ried . A waterworks was built there in the 1980s , which treats the river water taken from the middle of the Rhine and infiltrates it again in order to provide the waterworks in the southern Hessian area with sufficient groundwater availability.

Another example of groundwater recharge is the Haltern waterworks , in which groundwater is fed into a sand layer through a specially dredged reservoir , from which drinking water is in turn obtained by wells.

Groundwater recharge in the Hessian Ried

A large part of the drinking water for the Rhine-Main region comes from the Hessian Ried . In the mid-1960s, groundwater abstraction rose sharply and led to a lowering of the groundwater level . As a countermeasure, Rhine water is therefore infiltrated into the groundwater extraction areas from 1989 onwards.

For this purpose, the Rhine water is first treated to drinking water quality by the Hessisches Ried water association, then seeped into the ground and removed again 200 meters away. The treatment as drinking water takes place u. a. via ozone, flocculants and activated carbon filters. With the seepage process through different layers of earth, a further, natural cleaning takes place.

Before the groundwater infiltration system started operating, the groundwater level fell sharply in dry years, since the formation of new groundwater mainly takes place through precipitation. As a result, settlement cracks appeared on houses. Conversely, there have been floods in wet years.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Water: Happy in the last reserves Der Spiegel from August 8, 1988
  2. ↑ Wasserverband Hessisches Ried, water treatment, accessed on January 29, 2016 ( Memento from January 29, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ^ Water from the tap instead of the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung box , from August 22, 2012
  4. ^ Groundwater-related conflicts of use and possible adaptation measures using the example of the Hessian Ried Hessian State Office for Environment and Geology, September 16, 2014
  5. ↑ Hessian Ministry for the Environment, Rural Areas and Consumer Protection, The Hessian Ried between waterlogging and drought: a complex water management problem, August 2005
  6. ^ Groundwater-related conflicts of use and possible adaptation measures using the example of the Hessian Ried Hessian State Office for Environment and Geology, September 16, 2014
  7. ↑ Flow diagram of the Biebesheim waterworks
  8. ↑ Hessian Ministry for the Environment, Rural Areas and Consumer Protection, The Hessian Ried between waterlogging and drought: a complex water management problem, August 2005
  9. ↑ Wasserverband Hessisches Ried, water treatment in the Biebesheim waterworks, August 2008 ( Memento from January 28, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  10. ↑ Hessian Ministry for the Environment, Rural Areas and Consumer Protection, The Hessian Ried between waterlogging and drought: a complex water management problem, August 2005