Guarani War
| date | 1754 to 1756 |
|---|---|
| place | South America |
| output | Massacre of the Guaraní |
| Parties to the conflict | |
|---|---|
| Commander | |
|
José de Andonaegui
|
|
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The Guaraní War , also known as the Guaraní Wars or War of the Seven Reductions , was a clash between the Guaraní tribe in seven Jesuit reductions and allied Spanish - Portuguese troops. The conflict was a result of the Treaty of Madrid of 1750, which established a new border line between Spanish and Portuguese colonial property in South America. But it was also related to the dispute between European rulers and the Jesuit order .
The border line between the two territories established by the treaty of 1750 was now the Uruguay River . Portugal was awarded the land east of the river. The seven Jesuit missions in the area, called Misiones Orientales , were to be abandoned and relocated to Spanish territory west of the river. The missions can be described as the first Indian reservations in history, as they were subordinate to the Crown directly and not to the colonies, although under the control of the Order. They were named San Miguel , Santos Angeles , San Lorenzo Martir, San Nicolas, San Juan Bautista, San Luis Gonzaga and San Francisco de Borja .
In 1754 the Jesuit order still controlled the missions. But the tribe, led by Sepé Tiaraju , resisted the order's request for resettlement, albeit under pressure from the state. The attempt by the Spanish army to relocate the Guaraní by force in 1754 failed. It is believed that some Jesuits assisted the Indians. In February 1756, however, 3,000 Spanish-Portuguese soldiers attacked the settlements. As a result, Guaraní died in 1511, while the Europeans suffered only four deaths. After the battle, the troops occupied the seven settlements.
Finally, Spain and Portugal annulled their treaty of 1750 with the Treaty of El Pardo (1761) , which returned Spain to control the seven missions and the territories surrounding them.
reception
The 1986 film Mission is loosely based on these events.
Web links
- The Treaty of Madrid - 1750 (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ See Laura Ostermaier: "Mission" - The "Holy Experiment" in Paraguay. Part 2: Social Aspects, Failure and Outlook. GRIN, Munich 2012, ISBN 978-3-656-19070-7 , p. 8, ( online ).