Gyalrong languages

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Gyalrong languages - other spellings rGyalrong, Gyarong, Jiarong, Gyarung, Chiarong, Jarong - form a small sub-unit of the Qiang Gyalrong languages , which belong to the Tibetan Burman languages , a primary branch of Sino- Tibetan . The three Gyalrong languages ​​are spoken by 230,000 people in southern China in the Sichuan Province. The largest single language is Gyarong with 140,000 speakers. The other two languages ​​of this genetic unit are Lavrung and Horpa.

Gyalrong within Sino Tibetan

  • Sinotibian
    • Tibeto Burmese
      • Qiang Gyalrong
        • Xixia-Qiang
        • Gyalrong

Internal classification and number of speakers

  • Gyalrong
    • Gyarong (rGyalrong, Gyalrong, Jiarong, Gyarung, Jarong) (140,000 speakers)
      • Dialect group Sidaba: Caodeng = Dzatang, Shawu = Ribu, Tanpa
      • Dialect group Situ: Cogtse, Barkham, Suomo = Somang, Tshakunao = Tshako, Lishan = Lixian, Shajin = Xiajin, Jinchuan, Heishui, Mawo, Maerkang
      • Dialect Chabao = Dabang = Dazang
    • Lavrung (Guanyinqiao, Zhonzhai) (50,000)
    • Horpa (Horpa-Shangzai, Ergong, Daofu, Pawang) (40,000)

Classification, dialects and speaker numbers according to the given web link.

literature

Gyalrong

  • Guillaume Jacques: Phonologie et morphologie du Japhug (rGyalrong). Thèse de doctorat. Université Paris VII, 2004.
  • Guillaume Jacques: The inverse in Japhug Rgyalrong. In: Language & Linguistics. 11, 1, 2010, pp. 127-157.
  • Jin Peng: Etude sur le Jyarung. Han hiue 汉学 3.3-4. 1949.
  • Lin Youjing: Tense and Aspect morphology in the Zhuokeji rGyalrong verb. In: Cahiers de linguistique - Asie orientale. 32 (2), 2003, pp. 245-286.
  • Lin Youjing: Units in Zhuokeji rGyalrong discourse; Prosody and Grammar. PhD thesis. University of California, Santa Barbara 2009.
  • Yasuhiko Nagano: A Historical Study of the rGyarong Verb System. Seishido, 1984.
  • Jackson T.-S. Sun: The irrealis category in rGyalrong. In: Language & Linguistics. 8 (3), 2007, pp. 797-819.
  • Jackson T.-S. Sun: Verb-stem variations in Showu rGyalrong. In: Studies on Sino-Tibetan Languages. Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 2004, pp. 269-296.
  • Jackson T.-S. Sun: Caodeng rGyalrong. In: Graham Thurgood, Randy J. LaPolla (Eds.): The Sino-Tibetan Languages. Routledge, London / New York 2003, pp. 490-502.
  • Jackson T.-S. Sun: Stem alternations in Puxi verb inflection. In: Language & Linguistics. 1.2, 2000, pp. 211-232.
  • Jackson T.-S. Sun: Parallelisms in the verb morphology of Sidaba rGyalrong and Guanyinqiao in rGyalrongic. In: Language & Linguistics. 1.1, 2000, pp. 161-190.

Tibeto Burmese

  • Christopher I. Beckwith (Ed.): Medieval Tibeto-Burman Languages. Brill, Leiden / Boston / Cologne 2002.
  • Paul K. Benedict: Sino-Tibetan. A Conspectus. Cambridge University Press, 1972.
  • Scott DeLancey: Sino-Tibetan Languages. In: Bernard Comrie (Ed.): The World's Major Languages. Oxford University Press, 1990.
  • Austin Hale: Research on Tibeto-Burman Languages. Mouton, Berlin / New York / Amsterdam 1982.
  • James A. Matisoff: Handbook of Proto-Tibeto-Burman. University of California Press, 2003.
  • Anju Saxena (Ed.): Himalayan Languages. Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2004.
  • Graham Thurgood, Randy J. LaPolla: The Sino-Tibetan Languages. Routledge, London 2003.
  • George Van Driem: Languages ​​of the Himalayas. Brill, Leiden 2001.

See also

Web links